LTREB: Saurian Malaria: Long-Term Study of Prevalence, Life Histories, and Gametocyte Sex Ratio

LTREB：蜥蜴疟疾：患病率、生活史和配子体性别比例的长期研究

• 批准号: 0089096
• 负责人: Joseph Schall
• 金额: $ 12万
• 依托单位: University of Vermont & State Agricultural College
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-04-15 至 2004-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0089096&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: LTREB; Saurian; Malaria; Long; Term

0089096SchallThis LTREB project will continue long-term studies on the ecology and evolutionary biology of malaria parasites of lizards. These studies take place at sites in California and the Caribbean. The systems have been under study for the past 9 to 22 years. Three interwoven studies will be pursued that all depend on the long-term data and blood samples obtained during the study. The first study will address parasite prevalence. Prevalence patterns at all four sites do not follow predictions emerging from standard epidemiological models for malaria. These differences are explained by the habitat heterogeneity hypothesis. The second study focuses on life-history traits. Infections in all four lizard species vary significantly in all their life history traits. In this case, two traits will be studied maximum parasitemia and first production of gametocytes. The clonal diversity and stress hypotheses will be tested with additional long-term data. Finally, the project will assess gametocyte sex ratio. The local mate competition hypothesis predicts that gametocyte sex ratios within infections will depend on the genetic diversity of those infections. Two mechanisms related to this hypothesis will be investigated. Together these three foci will expand our understanding of the spatial and temporal dynamics of host-parasite ecology. Results from this project have direct and important implications for understanding the natural history and ecology of emerging infectious diseases that affect animal populations, including humans.

0089096SCHALLTHIS LTREB项目将继续对蜥蜴疟疾寄生虫的生态和进化生物学进行长期研究。这些研究在加利福尼亚和加勒比海的现场进行。在过去的9到22年中，该系统一直在研究。将进行三项交织的研究，这些研究都取决于研究期间获得的长期数据和血液样本。第一项研究将解决寄生虫患病率。所有四个地点的患病率模式均未遵循疟疾标准流行病学模型的预测。这些差异通过栖息地异质性假设来解释。第二项研究的重点是生活历史特征。所有四种蜥蜴物种的感染在其所有生活史特征中都有很大差异。在这种情况下，将研究两个特征的最大寄生虫和第一次生产配子细胞。克隆多样性和压力假设将通过其他长期数据进行测试。最后，该项目将评估配子细胞性别比。当地的伴侣竞争假设预测，感染中的配子细胞性别比将取决于这些感染的遗传多样性。将研究与该假设相关的两种机制。这三个焦点将共同扩展我们对宿主寄生虫生态学的空间和时间动态的理解。该项目的结果对理解影响动物种群（包括人类）的新兴传染病的自然历史和生态具有直接而重要的意义。