A Mantle or Crustal Origin for Carbonado? Synthesis and Microanalytical Studies of Polycrystalline Diamond

黑金刚石的地幔或地壳起源？

• 批准号: 0073862
• 负责人: Peter Heaney
• 金额: $ 7.25万
• 依托单位: Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-07-15 至 2004-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0073862&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Mantle; Crustal; Origin; Carbonado; Synthesis

EAR-0073862Heaney/VicenziScientists have described carbonados as "the most enigmatic of all diamonds." They occur as pea-sized black nodules of fused diamond crystallites with relatively large void spaces that can account for more than 15% of the total volume. Some scientists have proposed a host of theories to account for their formation, some of which would dramatically influence our perception of the history and chemistry of the Earth if proved true. For example, some scientists believe that carbonados formed by a single massive meteorite impact in the late Archean, whereas others postulate that carbonados are an exotic style of diamond from the Earth's upper mantle. We intend to test these hypotheses by comparing carbonado textures and mineral inclusions with those in polycrystalline diamonds that crystallized deep within the earth and by meteorite impact. In addition, we will perform state-of-the-art imaging and geochemical analyses to explore for indicators that will unambiguously demonstrate the formation mechanisms of these unusual diamonds.

ear-0073862Heaney/Vicenziscientist将Carbonados描述为“所有钻石中最神秘的”。 它们以豌豆大小的黑色结节的融合钻石晶体，具有相对较大的空间空间，可以占总数的15％以上。 一些科学家提出了许多理论来解释其形成，其中一些理论会极大地影响我们对地球历史和化学的看法，如果被证明是正确的话。 例如，一些科学家认为，在已故的大帝中，由单个巨大的陨石撞击形成的carbonados，而另一些科学家则认为Carbonados是地球上层地幔中一种异国情调的钻石风格。 我们打算通过将Carbonado纹理和矿物质夹杂物与多晶钻石中的矿物质和矿物质含量进行比较来检验这些假设，这些钻石在地球深处和陨石撞击深处结晶。 此外，我们将执行最新的成像和地球化学分析，以探索指标，这些指标将明确证明这些不寻常的钻石的形成机理。