Fundamental Properties of Superconductors and Mesoscopic Devices

超导体和介观器件的基本特性

• 批准号: 0072618
• 负责人: Michael Tinkham
• 金额: $ 42万
• 依托单位: Harvard University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-07-01 至 2003-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0072618&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Fundamental; Properties; Superconductors; Mesoscopic; Devices

This individual investigator award is to a senior professor at Harvard University for research that will probe the electrical properties of normal and superconducting structures fabricated at the nanometer length scale, at which quantum mechanical effects may modify behavior in a crucial way. Such structures are of interest because they may make possible the further miniaturization of digital circuits. Specific attention will be paid to the following structures: (1) Superconducting nanowires fabricated by sputtering a superconducting metal onto a carbon nanotube template; here the basic issue is to understand the fundamental principles which limit how long and thin such wires can be made without losing the essential superconducting properties. (2) Carbon nanotubes themselves; these can be either metallic or semiconducting, and the planned research will study possible nanoscale devices made by manipulation of individual single-walled nanotubes. (3) Metallic nanoparticles, which make possible experimental probes of the interactions and quantum states of electrons inside a metal, and may have applications in compact memory structures. This project will provide training for graduate students and postdoctoral researchers in a field that is critical for maintaining national technicalleadership.%%%One of the most urgent technical problems facing our high-tech economy is finding a way to continue the miniaturization of electronic components, as described by "Moore's Law", beyond the limit projected on the basis of foreseeable improvements of current technology. This willpresumably require invention and testing of new concepts and new physical structures which take account of the crossover from classical to quantum physics as things are made smaller. This individual investigator award is to a senior professor at Harvard University for research that will focus on three such ultrasmall systems: superconducting nanowires, carbon nanotubes, and metallic nanoparticles. All have potential importance for devices, and the work will provide training for graduate students and postdoctoral researchers in this field, where the availability of trained personnel is crucial for maintaining our national technical leadership.***

该单独的研究者奖是授予哈佛大学研究高级教授的，该研究将探究以纳米长度量表制造的正常和超导结构的电性能，在该结构中，量子机械效应可能以至关重要的方式改变行为。 这种结构引起了人们的关注，因为它们可能使数字电路的进一步微型化可能。将特别注意以下结构：（1）通过将超导金属施加到碳纳米管模板上的超导纳米线；在这里，基本问题是了解基本原理，这些原理限制了可以在不失去基本超导属性的情况下制造多长时间和细线的基本原理。 （2）碳纳米管本身；这些可以是金属或半导体，计划的研究将研究通过操纵单个单壁纳米管制造的纳米级设备。 （3）金属纳米颗粒，可以使金属内电子的相互作用和量子状态进行实验探针，并且可能在紧凑的记忆结构中应用。该项目将为一个领域的研究生和博士后研究人员提供培训，这对于维持国家技术的支持至关重要。%%％我们高科技经济面临的最紧迫的技术问题之一是找到一种方法来继续进行电子组件的微型化，如“ Moore's Law”所描述的那样，超出了当前技术的可预见的限制。这将需要发明和测试新的概念和新的物理结构，这些结构考虑了从古典物理到量子物理的交叉，随着事物的变化。该个人调查员奖授予哈佛大学研究高级教授，该奖项将重点介绍三个这样的超级系统：超导纳米线，碳纳米管和金属纳米颗粒。所有人对设备都有潜在的重要性，这项工作将为该领域的研究生和博士后研究人员提供培训，在该领域，受过训练的人员的可用性对于维持我们的国家技术领导力至关重要。*** ***