Midlatitude Mesoscale Convective Systems

中纬度中尺度对流系统

• 批准号: 0071371
• 负责人: Richard Johnson
• 金额: $ 72.4万
• 依托单位: Colorado State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-04-15 至 2005-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0071371&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Midlatitude; Mesoscale; Convective; Systems

Mesoscale convective systems (MCS's) consist of a collection of thunderstorms that organize themselves into distinct patterns. MCS's have been shown to be the source of both beneficial Spring-time rainfall and severe weather. Building on previous research, the Principal Investigator will continue research directed towards improved understanding of mid-latitude MCSs with a focus on their organization, longevity, embedded mesoscale circulations (especially mesoscale convective vortices, MCV's) and coupling with the atmospheric boundary layer. The Principal Investigator has two objectives:1. To investigate the mechanisms for organization, growth, maintenance and dissipation of mid-latitude MCS's.2. To conduct a climatological study of MCV's and to study how MCV's initiate convection that regenerates or sustains MCS's.MCV's are mid-level, stable, weak vortices that appear to form from the remnants of MCS's. They are believed to be important for they often appear to be the source of initiation of new convection many hours after the demise of the original MCS. That is, after MCS's have dissipated, they appear to spawn weak MCV's which may be the trigger for the next day's round of MCS's. If so, a complete understanding of these phenomena holds the promise of improved predictability of thunderstorms.

中尺度对流系统（MCS）由一系列雷暴组成，这些雷暴将自己组织成不同的模式。 MCS已被证明是有益的春季降雨和恶劣天气的来源。 在先前的研究的基础上，首席研究者将继续研究，致力于改善对中纬度MCS的了解，重点是其组织，长寿，嵌入式中尺度循环（尤其是中尺度对流涡流，MCV），并与大气边界层耦合。 主要研究人员有两个目标：1。研究中纬度MCSS的组织，增长，维持和耗散的机制。2。为了对MCV进行的气候研究，并研究MCV如何启动对流或维持MCSS.S.MCV的对流是中层，稳定，弱涡流，这些涡流似乎是从MCS的残余物中形成的。 据信它们很重要，因为它们通常在原始MC灭亡后的许多小时内似乎是新对流的来源。 也就是说，在MCS消散之后，它们似乎产生了MCV弱的MCV，这可能是第二天的MCS回合的触发因素。 如果是这样，对这些现象的完全理解将有望提高雷暴的可预测性。