CAREER: Spatial Aspects of Pedogenesis and Soil Organic Carbon in the Great Lakes Region

职业：五大湖地区土壤发生和土壤有机碳的空间方面

• 批准号: 9875015
• 负责人: Linda Barrett
• 金额: $ 23.39万
• 依托单位: University of Akron
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-06-01 至 2004-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9875015&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Spatial; Aspects; Pedogenesis; Soil

This CAREER research program addresses integrated, long-term research and educational activities that focus on the geography of soils as they relate to environmental issues in the Great Lakes region. Soils assume an important role in global climate change because they constitute a sizable terrestrial carbon pool subject to alteration at a variety of time scales. Human land-use activities may affect the amount of carbon stored in the subsurface horizons of the acid, sandy parent materials common in northern Michigan by altering the delicate balance between processes of soil development and soil degradation (depodzolization). This research explores the mechanisms by which soils develop and degrade, as well as the spatial distribution of these mechanisms in the upper Great Lakes region. Comparison of soil development rates along a latitudinal transect will be accomplished by intensive sampling of four strand plain beach ridge chronosequences. The seasonal movement of ions in soils on the beach ridges will be studied by long-term monitoring of the soil solution. Human-induced soil degradation will be investigated by comparing soil solutions from soils under forest and non-forest vegetation types. Organic carbon dynamics in subsurface horizons will be examined by a carbon isotope analysis using AMS radiocarbon dating of the organic carbon from different depths. Differences in ages of this organic carbon under forest and non-forest vegetation are expected to reflect the magnitude of the depodzolization processes taking place in the non-forest sites.Research activities will be complemented by educational activities designed to introduce undergraduate and graduate students with little science background to a variety of environmental issues. Specific emphasis will be placed on soils and the role of soil as a terrestrial carbon pool. At the undergraduate level, activities will focus on the development of Internet-based, student-centered learning activities for use as modules in two introductory courses. Two new graduate courses will be developed, and they will use a project-based approach to help students explore environmental issues in geography and land use planning, including one course in which soil maps and other digital geospatial data will be used to estimate regional soil carbon pools.

该职业研究计划致力于综合、长期的研究和教育活动，重点关注与五大湖地区环境问题相关的土壤地理。 土壤在全球气候变化中发挥着重要作用，因为它们构成了一个相当大的陆地碳库，在不同的时间尺度上会发生变化。人类土地利用活动可能会改变土壤发育和土壤退化（去灰唑化）过程之间的微妙平衡，从而影响密歇根州北部常见的酸性沙质母质地下层中储存的碳量。 这项研究探讨了土壤发育和退化的机制，以及这些机制在五大湖上游地区的空间分布。 沿着纬度样带的土壤发育速率的比较将通过对四片平原海滩山脊时间序列进行密集采样来完成。 将通过对土壤溶液的长期监测来研究海滩山脊土壤中离子的季节性运动。 将通过比较森林和非森林植被类型下土壤的土壤溶液来研究人类引起的土壤退化。 地下层的有机碳动力学将通过碳同位素分析进行​​检查，使用 AMS 放射性碳测年法对不同深度的有机碳进行测年。 森林和非森林植被下有机碳年龄的差异预计将反映非森林地区发生的去灰化过程的程度。研究活动将辅之以教育活动，旨在向本科生和研究生介绍很少的知识。各种环境问题的科学背景。 将特别强调土壤和土壤作为陆地碳库的作用。 在本科阶段，活动将侧重于开发基于互联网、以学生为中心的学习活动，作为两门入门课程的模块。 将开发两门新的研究生课程，他们将使用基于项目的方法帮助学生探索地理和土地利用规划中的环境问题，其中一门课程将使用土壤图和其他数字地理空间数据来估计区域土壤碳水池。