Towards a New Historical Syntax of Latin

走向拉丁语新的历史语法

• 批准号: 9816627
• 负责人: Philip Baldi
• 金额: $ 5.4万
• 依托单位: Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-09-01 至 2002-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9816627&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Towards; New; Historical; Syntax; Latin

Baldi98-16627AbstractThis project addresses the historical syntax of one of the most securely known and intensely studied Indo-European languages, Latin. Latin provides a continuous fund of linguistic information over an extended period, allowing a unique view of the syntactic evolution of a single language. We approach the historical syntax of Latin utilising a holistic perspective on syntactic change which has a general applicability beyond Latin.The approach we are proposing combines structural considerations of the traditional type with established functional and typological principles. The conceptual propositions underlying a functional/typological perspective are first, that cognitive principles are involved in grammatical organization; and second, that some crucial semantic notions are pervasively encoded in syntax. The elements forming the basis for a historical framework are not strictly grammatical entities, but include conceptual domains. Examples of such domains are POSSESSION, COMPARISON, NEGATION, and QUANTIFICATION. This approach contrasts with traditional structure-based methodologies of historical syntax, which tend to concentrate on the transmission of grammatical categories from one stage of a language to another. But syntactic change does not operate with mechanical regularity, transmitting structural entities. In order to explain major changes, we need more than structural mappings in our analytical arsenal, and we need the methodological flexibility to look outside the structural expressions of a language in accounting for the development of conceptual categories from one stage to another. This approach provides an array of explanatory devices which far exceeds those of traditional methodologies, and promises far richer results in our understanding of syntactic change.

Baldi98-16627abtractthis项目介绍了最知名且深入研究的印度 - 欧洲语言拉丁语的历史语法。 拉丁文在长时间提供了语言信息的连续资金，从而使单一语言的句法演变具有独特的看法。 我们利用对句法变化的整体观点来了解拉丁语的历史语法，该句法变化超出了拉丁语。功能/类型学观点的概念命题首先是认知原理与语法组织有关。其次，某些至关重要的语义概念在语法中普遍编码。形成历史框架基础的要素不是严格的语法实体，而是包括概念领域。 此类领域的示例是拥有，比较，否定和量化。 这种方法与传统的基于结构的历史语法方法形成对比，后者倾向于将语法类别从一种语言的一个阶段传播到另一种阶段。 但是句法变化并不能以机械规律性，传递结构实体的作用。为了解释重大变化，我们需要的不仅仅是分析库中的结构映射，而且我们需要方法学的灵活性，以考虑一种语言的结构表达方式，以说明从一个阶段到另一个阶段的概念类别的发展。这种方法提供了一系列的解释设备，这些设备远远超过了传统方法论，并承诺对我们对句法变化的理解得多。