LT: Environmental and Human Health Assessment Software for the Chemicals Manufacturing Industry

LT：化学品制造行业环境和人类健康评估软件

• 批准号: 9814504
• 负责人: David Shonnard
• 金额: $ 5.99万
• 依托单位: Michigan Technological University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-09-15 至 2001-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9814504&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: LT; Environmental; Human; Health; Assessment

9814504 Shonnard The chemical process industries have employed various pollution prevention methodologies in recent years emphasizing in-process reduction of waste generation via environmentally benign chemistry, material substitution and recovery/recycle of waste components. Most of these efforts have focused only on specific pollution reduction goals with emphasis on minimizing equipment and operating costs while attaining these goals. Unfortunately, focusing on single environmental endpoints neglects the reality that there are multiple environmental and human health impacts which are affected by process design optimization. The objective of this research, in an attempt to address these limitations, is to incorporate multiple environmental and human health considerations into chemical process designs using a methodology and software tool developed by the PI. The goal will be to illustrate how chemical process designs can change in response to different optimization targets. Targets will include traditional economic metrics of process performance, individual environmental impact indexes and cumulative weighted multiple environmental indexes. Specific research objectives are: (1) Incorporate an existing chemical process environmental assessment methodology and software tool to pinch analysis for VOC recovery from gaseous waste streams, (2) Demonstrate use of life-cycle assessment for substitute chemicals by applying to substitute refrigerants in the above case study, (3) Model the effects of property uncertainties on the pinch analysis study as they affect pollutants' environmental fate and transport characteristics, and (4) Create a computer-based hands-on demonstration for the Michigan Technological University Summer Youth Program. This grant is made pursuant to the joint NSF/Lucent Technologies Industrial Ecology Research Fellowships Program 1998.***

9814504 Shonnard化学过程行业近年来采用了各种污染预防方法，强调通过环境良性化学，材料替代和回收废物组件的过程减少废物产生。 这些努力中的大多数仅集中在特定的减少污染目标上，重点是在达到这些目标的同时最大程度地减少设备和运营成本。 不幸的是，专注于单个环境终点，忽略了一个现实，即受过程设计优化影响的多种环境和人类健康影响。 为了解决这些局限性，这项研究的目的是使用PI开发的方法和软件工具将多个环境和人类健康考虑因素纳入化学过程设计中。 目标是说明化学过程设计如何根据不同的优化目标进行变化。 目标将包括过程绩效的传统经济指标，个人环境影响指数和累积加权多个环境指数。 具体的研究目标是：（1）将现有的化学过程环境评估方法和软件工具纳入捏合分析，以从气态废物流中恢复VOC，（2）通过申请将生命周期评估用于替代化学物质，以替代制冷剂中的制冷剂上面的案例研究，（3）模拟财产不确定性对捏合分析研究的影响，因为它们会影响污染物的环境命运和运输特征，并且（4）为密歇根州技术大学夏季青年计划创建基于计算机的动手演示。 这项赠款是根据NSF/Lucent Technologies工业生态研究奖学金计划1998年提供的。***