CONFERENCE: Sphingolipids as Signalling Modulators in the Nervous System, July 13-17, 1997, New York, New York

会议：鞘脂作为神经系统中的信号调节剂，1997 年 7 月 13-17 日，纽约州纽约市

• 批准号: 9724171
• 负责人: Robert Yu
• 金额: $ 0.5万
• 依托单位: Virginia Commonwealth University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-07-01 至 1998-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9724171&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CONFERENCE; Sphingolipids; Signalling; Modulators; Nervous

9724171 Yu This Conference entitled, "Sphingolipids as Signaling Modulators in the Nervous System" will take place from July 13 - 17, 1997, at the New York University Las School, New York City. Historically, sphingolipids have been of interest to neuroscientists and neurologists because of their involvement in lipid storage diseases and other disorders affecting the nervous system. More recent investigations have focused on questions of basic biological functions, such as the physiological roles of these molecules in neuronal differentiation, regeneration, and trophic assisted cell survival. Sphingolipid involvement in such processes has been shown to include a number of signal transduction mechanisms as well as protein modulatory effects. Sphingomyelinase, for example, when activated by cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor, converts sphingomyelin to ceramide which then functions as an active second messenger triggering such processes as proliferation and apoptotic cell death. Sphingosine, sphingosine phosphate and ceramide phosphate are also recognized as intracellular messengers exerting a variety of effects on cell proliferation and differentiation. Gangliosides as a class of sphingolipids are well recognized neurotrophic factors which function as neuroprotective agents in a variety of in vitro and in vivo systems. Numerous studies have indicated their role as modulatory agents to a variety of membrane enzymes, receptors, ion channels and adhesion factors. They are now being actively studied as potential pharmaceutical agents for treatment of specific neurological disorders including Parkinson's disease, spinal cord injury and stroke. Presentations from basic scientists on the biochemical/cell biological aspects of gangliosides and other sphingolipids will focus on possible mechanisms to account for the trophic, neuroprotective properties of these substances. The immunogenic potential of gangliosides and sulfated glycosphingolipids in promoti ng neurological dysfunction will be explored, a key question being whether or not this invalidates use of these substances as therapeutic agents. As in past sphingolipid meetings, we anticipate stimulating interchanges between research scientists and clinicians concerning basic mechanisms and the biomedical potentials of sphingolipids.

9724171 Yu 这次会议题为“鞘脂作为神经系统中的信号调节剂”，将于 1997 年 7 月 13 日至 17 日在纽约市纽约大学拉斯学院举行。 历史上，神经科学家和神经学家对鞘脂很感兴趣，因为它们与脂质储存疾病和影响神经系统的其他疾病有关。 最近的研究集中在基本生物功能的问题上，例如这些分子在神经元分化、再生和营养辅助细胞存活中的生理作用。 鞘脂参与此类过程已被证明包括许多信号转导机制以及蛋白质调节作用。 例如，鞘磷脂酶在被肿瘤坏死因子等细胞因子激活时，会将鞘磷脂转化为神经酰胺，然后神经酰胺作为活性第二信使，触发增殖和细胞凋亡等过程。 鞘氨醇、磷酸鞘氨醇和磷酸神经酰胺也被认为是细胞内信使，对细胞增殖和分化发挥多种作用。 神经节苷脂作为一类鞘脂是公认的神经营养因子，在各种体外和体内系统中充当神经保护剂。 大量研究表明它们作为多种膜酶、受体、离子通道和粘附因子的调节剂的作用。 目前正在积极研究它们作为治疗特定神经系统疾病（包括帕金森病、脊髓损伤和中风）的潜在药物。 基础科学家关于神经节苷脂和其他鞘脂的生化/细胞生物学方面的演讲将重点关注解释这些物质的营养和神经保护特性的可能机制。 将探讨神经节苷脂和硫酸化鞘糖脂在促进神经功能障碍方面的免疫原性潜力，一个关键问题是这是否会导致这些物质作为治疗剂的使用无效。 与过去的鞘脂会议一样，我们预计将刺激研究科学家和临床医生之间就鞘脂的基本机制和生物医学潜力进行交流。