Impacts of Cooperative R&D on Participating Firms

合作 R 的影响

• 批准号: 9712349
• 负责人: Christopher Hill
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: George Mason University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-09-15 至 1999-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9712349&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Impacts; Cooperative; R& Participating; Firms

During the past two decades, industrial firms have become increasingly engaged in and dependent on R&D partnerships involving competitors, other firms, academic institutions, government laboratories, and foreign sources. These partnership, or cooperative, arrangements are entered into with the expectation that they will help control the rising costs of R&D, avoid unnecessary duplication of effort, take advantage of economies of scale in combined efforts, or bring into the participating firms sets of capabilities that they don't have and would be expensive or unfeasible to obtain. Despite the enormous commitment of resources and strategic energy to these partnerships, relatively little is known about how effective they are at accomplishing their goals. Even less is known about what other impacts, positive or negative, these arrangements have on the participants. The primary focus of this inquiry will be on firms, since there is a large literature on the impacts of cooperation with industry on academic institutions, and the impacts of federal laboratories on industry, as well as a large but uncritical literature extolling the virtues of R&D cooperation in general as well as in specific instances. This pilot project will undertake literature reviews, interviews, case studies, and data source identification to begin to identify, assess, and understand the nature of key impacts of R&D cooperation between and on firms. The goal is to examine both immediate and delayed effects. An essential feature of the proposed work is a comparison between R&D partnerships among competitors and those that involve two or more firms that have complementary strengths to contribute. The project will interview ten to 20 industrial R&D leaders to refine initial hypotheses, and test these with two to four case studies of firms or partnerships. A list of consortia that can provide the basis for a detailed survey to be addressed to several hundred firms known to be engaged in R&D partnerships will be compiled. The comparisons will be made primarily between firms in vertical and horizontal partnerships, rather than between firms that are and are not involved in R&D partnerships. It is intended that results from this pilot and any follow-on studies be useful both to industrial R&D managers considering R&D partnerships, as well as to the many government policy makers and R&D program managers who have become advocates for and supporters of R&D cooperation as a key tool in ensuring the nation's future.

在过去的二十年中，工业企业越来越多地参与并依赖涉及竞争对手、其他公司、学术机构、政府实验室和外国来源的研发合作伙伴关系。达成这些伙伴关系或合作安排的期望是，它们将有助于控制不断上升的研发成本，避免不必要的重复工作，在共同努力中利用规模经济，或为参与公司带来一系列能力，他们没有，而且价格昂贵或难以获得。尽管为这些伙伴关系投入了大量资源和战略精力，但人们对它们实现目标的有效性知之甚少。更不知道这些安排对参与者还有哪些其他影响，无论是积极的还是消极的。这项调查的主要焦点将是企业，因为有大量文献探讨与工业界合作对学术机构的影响，以及联邦实验室对工业界的影响，还有大量但不加批判的文献颂扬研发的优点一般性合作以及具体情况下的合作。该试点项目将进行文献综述、访谈、案例研究和数据源识别，以开始识别、评估和理解企业之间和对企业的研发合作的关键影响的性质。目标是检查即时影响和延迟影响。拟议工作的一个基本特征是对竞争对手之间的研发伙伴关系与涉及两个或多个具有互补优势的公司的研发伙伴关系进行比较。该项目将采访 10 到 20 名工业研发领导者，以完善最初的假设，并通过两到四个公司或合作伙伴的案例研究来测试这些假设。将编制一份联合体名单，为对数百家已知从事研发合作的公司进行详细调查提供基础。比较将主要在纵向和横向伙伴关系的公司之间进行，而不是在参与和不参与研发伙伴关系的公司之间进行。该试点和任何后续研究的结果旨在对考虑研发伙伴关系的工业研发管理者以及许多政府政策制定者和研发项目管理者有用，他们已成为研发合作的倡导者和支持者。确保国家未来的关键工具。