Molecular Systematics of a Rapidly Evolving Species Flock: The Mbuna (Cichlidae) of Lake Malawi

快速进化物种群的分子系统学：马拉维湖的姆布纳（丽鱼科）

• 批准号: 9707532
• 负责人: Irving Kornfield
• 金额: $ 19.33万
• 依托单位: University of Maine
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-09-01 至 2001-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9707532&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Molecular; Systematics; Rapidly; Evolving; Species

9707532 Kornfield Irv Kornfield of the University of Maine will employ hypervariable microsatellite markers to study the systematics and phylogeny of the mbuna , a large group of cichlid fishes of Lake Malawi, East Africa, that have obligate ties to shallow, rocky habitats.. Mbuna represent a highly speciose assemblage known for rapid and extensive diversification over a short periods of time. Mbuna thus represent an ideal model system in which to examine processes (e.g., habitat fragmentation, trophic and spatial niche shifts, interspecific agonistic interaction, and sexual selection) that are associated with speciation and adaptive radiation. Kornfield will use microsatellite markers to construct a hypothesis of relationships among major lineages within the extremely large and complex mbuna genus Pseudotopheus. The molecular phylogeny will then be compared to one based primarily on morphological and behavioral traits. Kornfield also will examine characters found in the morphology and distribution of scales. This aspect of the project will be in collaboration with E. Leppitsch of the Austrian Science Foundation. A second part of the project will be to evaluate the hypothesis that allopatric populations of mbuna that display reproductive coloration exhibit the disjunct patterns of distribution as a consequence of vicariance. An alternate hypothesis, that the similarities in reproductive coloration stem from parallelism or convergence, also will be evaluated. Resolution of phylogenetic relationships within the mbuna will provide fundamental insights into the phenomena of sexual selection and behaviorally-mediated reproductive isolation. The project involves significant collaboration with a scientist from Malawi, and is co-funded by the U.S.-Africa Program in the Division of International Programs at the NSF.

9707532缅因州大学的Kornfield Irv Kornfield将采用高变量的微卫星标记来研究Mbuna的系统和系统发育，Mbuna是东非马拉维湖的一大批Cichlid鱼类，它们具有与浅岩，洛克尼族人的卑鄙态度，以代表一个高度的典型组装，以代表一段时间，以代表一段时间，以代表一定的时间。 因此，MBUNA代表了一个理想的模型系统，其中研究过程（例如，栖息地碎片，营养和空间生态位移动，种间激动的相互作用以及性选择），与物种形成和适应性辐射有关。 科恩菲尔德（Kornfield）将使用微卫星标记来构建极大且复杂的Mbuna Pseudotopheus中主要谱系之间关系的假设。 然后，将将分子系统发育与主要基于形态和行为性状的一个。 Kornfield还将检查在量表的形态和分布中发现的字符。 该项目的这一方面将与奥地利科学基金会的E. Leppitsch合作。 该项目的第二部分将是评估以下假设：显示生殖着色的MBUNA的同种异体种群表现出分布的分布模式，这是由于VICARIANCE的结果。 还将评估替代假设，即生殖着色的相似性源于并行性或收敛性。 MBUNA内的系统发育关系的分辨率将提供有关性选择现象和行为介导的生殖隔离现象的基本见解。 该项目涉及与马拉维的一位科学家进行的重要合作，并由美国非洲计划在NSF的国际计划部门共同资助。