Molecular Systematics of Galeomorph Sharks

Galeomorph 鲨鱼的分子系统学

• 批准号: 9707145
• 负责人: Gavin Naylor
• 金额: $ 19.5万
• 依托单位: Iowa State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-08-01 至 2001-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9707145&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Molecular; Systematics; Galeomorph; Sharks

9707145 Naylor Galeomorph sharks are the most taxonomically-diverse and dominant group of living sharks, and include many of the large and well known species such as the great white, tiger, hammerhead, and whale sharks. The galeomorphs have an extensive fossil record that extends to the Jurassic, demonstrating that sharks represent an early offshoot in the vertebrate genealogical tree. In this research, Gavin Naylor of Iowa State University will employ DNA sequences acquired from both the mitochondrial and nuclear genomes to study phylogenetic relationships among well over 100 species of sharks, including representatives of seven different orders. Naylor will test whether each of the four orders of galeomorph sharks were derived from a common ancestor, and also will examine relationships among species in several lineages within each galeomorph order. The phylogenetic hypothesis will be used (i) in conjunction with the rich galeomorph fossil record to assess the time or origin of many morphological adaptations unique to sharks, and (ii) as a framework for interpreting the rich, existing database on shark parasite diversity. Naylor also will investigate the extent to which DNA sequence form different genes and from different regions of the same gene converge on the same genealogical tree. This analysis will provide information as to how DNA changes over time and how estimation of genealogical trees from DNA sequence data can be improved.

9707145 Naylor Galeomorph鲨鱼是最分类的多样性和主要的活鲨鱼群，其中包括许多大而知名的物种，例如Great White，Tiger，Tiger，Hammerhead和Whale Sharks。 Galeomorphs具有广泛的化石记录，该记录延伸到侏罗纪，表明鲨鱼代表了脊椎动物族谱中的早期分支。 在这项研究中，爱荷华州立大学的Gavin Naylor将采用从线粒体和核基因组中获得的DNA序列来研究超过100种鲨鱼的系统发育关系，包括七个不同阶的代表。 Naylor将测试四个galeomorph鲨鱼的每个顺序中的每一个是否来自一个共同的祖先，并且还将检查每个巨大秩序中几个谱系中物种之间的关系。 系统发育假设将与丰富的Galeomorph化石记录一起使用（i），以评估鲨鱼独有的许多形态适应性的时间或起源，（ii）作为解释鲨鱼寄生虫多样性上丰富的现有数据库的框架。 Naylor还将研究DNA序列形成不同基因的程度，以及来自同一基因的不同区域在同一家谱树上收敛。 该分析将提供有关DNA如何随时间变化以及如何从DNA序列数据中对谱系树的估计进行的信息。