Biogeographic, Molecular Genetic, and Field-Experimental Analyses of Plant-Herbivore Interactions in Oak Hybrid Zones

橡树杂交区植物-草食动物相互作用的生物地理学、分子遗传学和田间实验分析

• 批准号: 9632154
• 负责人: William Boecklen
• 金额: $ 30万
• 依托单位: New Mexico State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-08-15 至 2000-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9632154&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Biogeographic; Molecular; Genetic; Field; Experimental

9632154 Boecklen Over the past twenty years, the study of hybrid zones has grown from a backwater of systematics to one of the most dynamic areas in evolutionary biology and ecology. Hybrid zones are centers of genetic diversity, and so represent ideal experimental systems in which to investigate evolutionary processes, including natural selection and interactions between hosts and parasites. Despite the renewed interest in hybrid zones among ecologists, the influence of hybrid zones on plant-insect interactions is poorly understood. The proposed research will examine hybrid zones of Madrean and Southwestern oaks, and will use a combination of biogeographic, molecular genetic, and field experimental approaches to investigate the effects of host plant hybridization on herbivore population dynamics and community structure. In addition, the influence of plant hybridization on the outcome of antagonistic interactions between endophytic fungi and interactions between endophytes and herbivores will be tested using field inoculations of fungal species onto oak hosts. The proposed research will contribute to our understanding of plant-herbivore interactions, and will help identify factors that influence plant susceptibility to herbivore attack. By understanding how herbivores respond to genetically novel host plants (i.e, hybrids), results of this research will provide important insights into developing new strains of pest-resistant crop plants. In addition, the results of this research will provide background data on the potential use of endophyte fungi as biocontrol agents against insect herbivores.

9632154 Boecklen在过去的二十年中，杂种区的研究已从系统的后水发展到进化生物学和生态学中最具动态的领域之一。 混合区是遗传多样性的中心，因此代表了研究进化过程的理想实验系统，包括自然选择以及宿主和寄生虫之间的相互作用。 尽管生态学家对杂种区的兴趣重新引起了人们的兴趣，但对杂化区域对植物内相互作用的影响知之甚少。 拟议的研究将检查马德雷亚和西南橡树的混合区，并将结合生物地理，分子遗传和现场实验方法，以研究宿主植物杂交对草食动物种群动态和社区结构的影响。 此外，植物杂交对内生真菌之间拮抗相互作用的结果以及内生菌与食草动物之间的相互作用的影响将使用真菌物种对橡木宿主的现场接种进行测试。 拟议的研究将有助于我们理解植物 - 动物的相互作用，并有助于确定影响植物对草食动物攻击的敏感性的因素。 通过了解食草动物如何对遗传新颖的寄主植物（即杂种）反应，这项研究的结果将为开发新的耐虫害作物植物的新菌株提供重要的见解。 此外，这项研究的结果将提供有关内生真菌作为对昆虫食草动物的生物防治剂的潜在使用的背景数据。