Ableitung der thermischen und kompositionellen Struktur der Oberfläche und der unteren Atmosphäre der Venus auf der Basis der Ergebnisse des VIRTIS-Instruments der Venus Express-Mission

根据金星快车任务 VIRTIS 仪器的结果推断金星表面和低层大气的热和成分结构

基本信息

批准号：
109076228
负责人：
Professorin Dr. Gabriele Arnold
金额：
--
依托单位：
Institut für Planetenforschung
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2008-12-31 至 2012-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/109076228?language=en
关键词：
Ableitung der thermischen und kompositionellen

项目摘要

The exploration of Venus, the closest planet to the Earth, both in terms of distance and in terms of its physical character, in the context of comparative planetology is an important key to understanding the crucial aspects of solar system formation, planetary evolution, geology, and climate change. The discovery of the near-infrared atmospheric windows on the nightside of Venus has opened a new opportunity for detailed studies of the planetary surface and lower atmosphere. The Visible and Infrared Thermal Imaging Spectrometer (VIRTIS) aboard the European Venus Express mission (VEX) is the first experiment that continuously records the nightside thermal emission from the planet over a long period of time. Thus, for the first time, a global and systematic investigation of Venus’ surface and lower atmosphere has now become possible.The proposed work focuses on separating atmospheric and surface radiance contributions in the measured VIRTIS signals to derive surface temperatures, soil emissivities and lower atmospheric gas abundances in large spatial scales. This objective will be achieved by applying new radiative transfer models, which have not been available up to now. They are going to eliminate the masking of the nightside windows by pressure-induced and far line-wing absorptions of carbon dioxide as well as multiple scattering by the dense cloud deck. This opens a fresh line of research in the field of radiative transfer theory. The extraction and evaluation of absolute calibrated VIRTIS data sets, which cover areas of various surface elevations, will provide high-quality retrievals of atmospheric and surface parameters of Venus. It will be accomplished by the development of special algorithms for a multi-spectral use of atmospheric windows.The research results are expected to open new insights into the physics and chemistry of the Venus’ lower atmosphere, its interaction with the planetary surface and the thermal and compositional characteristics of the soil. New information about cloud composition and circulation will be gathered as well.

在比较行星学的背景下，在距离和物理特征方面，金星探索金星，距离地球最接近地球的行星是理解太阳系形成，行星进化，地质和气候变化的关键方面的重要关键。在维纳斯夜间发现了近红外大气窗，为详细研究行星表面和较低气氛开辟了新的机会。欧洲金星快车任务（VEX）上的可见和红外热成像光谱仪（VIRTIS）是第一个继续记录长期以来从地球上记录夜间热量发射的实验。这是第一次对金星表面和较低大气的全球和系统投资已经成为可能。拟议的工作着重于将测得的VIRTIS信号中的大气和表面辐射贡献分开，以得出大空间尺度中的表面温度，土壤发射和较低的大气滥用。该目标将通过应用新的辐射转移模型来实现，而新的辐射转移模型到目前为止尚未可用。他们将通过压力引起的二氧化碳以及密集的云甲板的多种散射来消除夜幕窗口的掩蔽。这在辐射转移理论领域开辟了新的研究。绝对校准的Virtis数据集的提取和评估涵盖了各种表面高度的区域，将提供金星的大气和表面参数的高质量检索。这将是通过开发特殊算法的多光谱使用大气窗口来实现的。预计研究结果将开辟对金星低大气的物理和化学的新见解，其与地球表面以及土壤的热和组成特性的相互作用。还将收集有关云成分和循环的新信息。