The Climatic and Environmental History of the Amazon Basin Since the Last Glacial Maximum

自末次盛冰期以来亚马逊盆地的气候和环境历史

• 批准号: 9528280
• 负责人: Paul Colinvaux
• 金额: $ 27.81万
• 依托单位: Smithsonian Institution
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-06-01 至 1999-03-12
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9528280&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Climatic; Environmental; History; Amazon; Basin

Abstract ATM-9528280 Colinvaux, Paul A. Smithsonian Institution Title: The Climatic and Environmental History of the Amazon Basin Since the Last Glacial Maximum This award will contribute to the reconstruction of the vegetation and climate history of the Amazon Basin at the last glacial maximum using. The project will focus on core-drilling and pollen analysis of the sediments of ancient Amazonian lakes. A climatic history of the Amazon (an area roughly as large as the continental U.S.) is necessary for calibrating global climate models. Changes in three climate parameters in ice-age time are likely: CO2, temperature, and precipitation. Research to date has developed ice-age temperature records at six sites in the tropical Americans. Pollen evidence shows changes in the range of temperature-sensitive plants suggesting cooling by 6oC. This cooling suggests also that tropical rainforest occupied the lowlands of the Amazon basin in glacial times, where the effects of cooling should have been least. Pollen from a drill core through the Amazon fan also suggests that dry vegetation was no more prevalent in the ice-age than it is today. The goal of the present project is to test these conclusions with cores from ancient lakes in the Amazon `asin. The prime method of paleoclimate and paleoecological reconstruction will be pollen analysis, calibrated by a program of surface pollen sampling. This work will allow reliable general conclusions both about the ice-age climate and the recent history of the world's most diverse forest.

摘要ATM-9528280 Colinvaux，Paul A. Smithsonian机构标题：自上次冰川最大值以来，亚马逊盆地的气候和环境历史将有助于重建亚马逊盆地的植被和气候历史。 该项目将着重于对古代亚马逊湖沉积物的核心钻井和花粉分析。 亚马逊的气候历史（大约与美国大陆一样大的地区）对于校准全球气候模型是必需的。 在冰河时期，三个气候参数的变化可能是：二氧化碳，温度和降水。 迄今为止的研究已经在热带美国人的六个地点开发了冰年温度记录。 花粉证据表明，温度敏感植物的范围变化，表明通过6oC冷却。 这种冷却还表明，热带雨林在冰川时期占据了亚马逊盆地的低地，在那里冷却的影响应该最小。 从钻头到亚马逊风扇的花粉还表明，在冰河时期，干植被比今天更普遍。 本项目的目的是用来自亚马逊ASIN的古老湖泊的核心测试这些结论。 古气候和古生态重建的主要方法将是通过表面花粉采样程序校准的花粉分析。 这项工作将允许关于冰河气候和世界上最多样化森林的近期历史的可靠总结。