EROC: Comparative Effects of Elevated Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Within Two Multiple Trophic Level Systems

EROC：两个多营养级系统内大气二氧化碳浓度升高的比较影响

• 批准号: 9509089
• 负责人: David Karowe
• 金额: $ 10.5万
• 依托单位: Virginia Commonwealth University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-07-01 至 1998-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9509089&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EROC; Comparative; Effects; Elevated; Atmospheric

. 9509089 Karowe When plants are grown under elevated carbon dioxide, their leaves usually contain less nitrogen but may contain more, less, or the same amount of defensive chemicals. This research asks two main questions: !) Do CO2-induced changes in plant quality affect higher trophic levels (e. g. caterpillars that consume plants, parasitoid wasps that develop inside and consume caterpillars, and hyperparasitoid wasps that develop inside and consume parasitoid wasps), and 2) Does association of host plants with nitrogen-fixing bacteria buffer all trophic levels against the direct effects of elevated CO2? To answer these questions, the effects of elevated CO2 on plant nutritional quality and defensive chemistry, and subsequent effects on herbivores, parasitoids, and hyperparasitoids will be compared between a four trophic level system based on crucifer (non-nitrogen fixing) host plants and one based on legume (nitrogen fixing) host plants. This research will expand our understanding of the ecological consequences of elevated CO2 to include the third and fourth trophic levels, and to begin to assess the mechanisms responsible for variability among different multiple trophic level systems in their susceptibility to the direct effects of elevated CO2. Because our economically important agricultural crops include both legumes and non-legumes, and support multiple trophic levels, this information may enhance agricultural productivity under the future, i. e., elevated CO2 atmosphere.

。 9509089 karowe在植物升高的二氧化碳下生长时，其叶子通常含有较少的氮，但可能包含更多，更少或相同数量的防御性化学物质。 这项研究提出了两个主要问题：！！ 2）宿主植物与固氮细菌缓冲液的缔合所有营养水平都与升高的二氧化碳的直接作用？ 为了回答这些问题，将比较基于十字犬（非硝基固定）的四个营养水平系统和一种，将比较二氧化碳对植物营养质量和防御性化学的影响以及随后对食草动物，寄生虫和超寄生虫的影响基于豆科植物（氮固定）宿主植物。 这项研究将使我们对升高二氧化碳的生态后果的理解扩大到包括第三和第四营养水平，并开始评估导致不同多个营养水平系统之间变异性的机制，以使其对升高二氧化碳直接影响的敏感性。 由于我们经济上重要的农作物包括豆类和非葡萄糖，并支持多种营养水平，因此这些信息可能会在未来的未来提高农业生产力。例如，二氧化碳大气升高。