The Role of Ultraviolet Radiation in Structuring Freshwater Zooplankton Communities: Interactions with Predation

紫外线辐射在构造淡水浮游动物群落中的作用：与捕食的相互作用

• 批准号: 9509042
• 负责人: Craig Williamson
• 金额: $ 23.3万
• 依托单位: Lehigh University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing grant
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-08-01 至 1999-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9509042&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Role; Ultraviolet; Radiation; Structuring; Freshwater

9509042 Williamson Questions about what processes regulate community organization have been a central theme in ecology for a long time. With increasing evidence for important changes in abiotic factors such as climate, and UV-B radiation, our need for a better understanding of the interactions between abiotic and biotic variables in natural communities becomes crucial. While a great deal is known about the role of predation and visible light in structuring pelagic communities in lakes, the ecology of damaging short wavelength solar radiation in these pelagic communities is poorly understood. The objective of the proposed research is to investigate the role of damaging solar radiation (DSR) in zooplankton communities, and more specifically, to examine the ecological interactions between this abiotic factor and predation, an important biotic factor. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is the primary factor controlling attenuation of damaging solar radiation along a vertical gradient in lakes, as well as among lakes. In this study, several hypotheses will be tested regarding the interactive effects of DOC and DSR on zooplankton communities along environmental gradients in Pennsylvania and Alaska. Both field and laboratory manipulations and observations will be used to test these hypotheses. The focus on damaging solar radiation has important implications for community structure and function in aquatic ecosystems. Zooplankton provide a key link in aquatic food webs and their distribution and abundance has important implications for both water quality and energy transfer to higher trophic levels. The data collected will also permit evaluation of the relative importance of physiological versus behavioral responses of organisms to gradients of damaging solar radiation both within and among lakes.

9509042 Williamson 关于什么过程调节社区组织的问题长期以来一直是生态学的中心主题。随着越来越多的证据表明气候和 UV-B 辐射等非生物因素发生了重要变化，我们需要更好地了解自然群落中非生物变量和生物变量之间的相互作用变得至关重要。虽然人们对捕食和可见光在构建湖泊中的远洋群落中的作用了解很多，但对这些远洋群落中短波长太阳辐射破坏的生态却知之甚少。拟议研究的目的是调查破坏性太阳辐射（DSR）在浮游动物群落中的作用，更具体地说，研究这种非生物因素与捕食（一种重要的生物因素）之间的生态相互作用。溶解有机碳（DOC）是控制湖泊内以及湖泊之间垂直梯度上破坏性太阳辐射衰减的主要因素。在这项研究中，将测试关于 DOC 和 DSR 对宾夕法尼亚州和阿拉斯加环境梯度上的浮游动物群落的相互作用影响的几个假设。现场和实验室操作和观察将用于检验这些假设。 对破坏性太阳辐射的关注对水生生态系统的群落结构和功能具有重要影响。浮游动物是水生食物网的关键环节，其分布和丰富度对水质和向更高营养级的能量转移具有重要影响。收集的数据还将允许评估生物体对湖内和湖间破坏性太阳辐射梯度的生理反应和行为反应的相对重要性。