The Role of Ultraviolet Radiation in Structuring Freshwater Zooplankton Communities: Interactions with Predation

紫外线辐射在构造淡水浮游动物群落中的作用：与捕食的相互作用

• 批准号: 9509042
• 负责人: Craig Williamson
• 金额: $ 23.3万
• 依托单位: Lehigh University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing grant
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-08-01 至 1999-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9509042&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Role; Ultraviolet; Radiation; Structuring; Freshwater

9509042 Williamson Questions about what processes regulate community organization have been a central theme in ecology for a long time. With increasing evidence for important changes in abiotic factors such as climate, and UV-B radiation, our need for a better understanding of the interactions between abiotic and biotic variables in natural communities becomes crucial. While a great deal is known about the role of predation and visible light in structuring pelagic communities in lakes, the ecology of damaging short wavelength solar radiation in these pelagic communities is poorly understood. The objective of the proposed research is to investigate the role of damaging solar radiation (DSR) in zooplankton communities, and more specifically, to examine the ecological interactions between this abiotic factor and predation, an important biotic factor. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is the primary factor controlling attenuation of damaging solar radiation along a vertical gradient in lakes, as well as among lakes. In this study, several hypotheses will be tested regarding the interactive effects of DOC and DSR on zooplankton communities along environmental gradients in Pennsylvania and Alaska. Both field and laboratory manipulations and observations will be used to test these hypotheses. The focus on damaging solar radiation has important implications for community structure and function in aquatic ecosystems. Zooplankton provide a key link in aquatic food webs and their distribution and abundance has important implications for both water quality and energy transfer to higher trophic levels. The data collected will also permit evaluation of the relative importance of physiological versus behavioral responses of organisms to gradients of damaging solar radiation both within and among lakes.

9509042威廉姆森（Williamson）关于哪些过程规范社区组织的问题一直是生态学的中心主题。有了越来越多的证据表明存在气候和UV-B辐射等非生物因素的重要变化，我们需要更好地了解自然界中非生物和生物变量之间的相互作用变得至关重要。虽然对捕食和可见光在结构湖泊中的上层群落中的作用有很多了解，但对这些上层群落中损害短波长太阳辐射的生态知之甚少。拟议的研究的目的是研究浮游动物辐射（DSR）在浮游动物群落中的作用，更具体地说，是研究这种非生物因子与捕食（这是一个重要的生物因素）之间的生态相互作用。溶解的有机碳（DOC）是控制沿湖泊垂直梯度以及湖泊中垂直梯度破坏太阳辐射的衰减的主要因素。在这项研究中，将对DOC和DSR对宾夕法尼亚州和阿拉斯加环境梯度沿环境梯度的浮游动物群落的互动效应进行一些测试。现场和实验室的操作以及观察结果都将用于检验这些假设。 对破坏太阳辐射的关注对水生生态系统中的社区结构和功能具有重要意义。 Zooplankton在水生食物网中提供了一个关键的联系，它们的分布和丰度对水质和能量转移到更高的营养水平具有重要意义。收集到的数据还将允许评估生理和行为反应对湖泊内部和湖泊之间破坏太阳辐射的梯度的相对重要性。