RUI: Avian Extinctions and Climatic Change in the Pleistocene of Florida

RUI：佛罗里达州更新世的鸟类灭绝和气候变化

• 批准号: 9403206
• 负责人: Steven Emslie
• 金额: $ 5.05万
• 依托单位: Western Colorado University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-01-01 至 1997-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9403206&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RUI; Avian; Extinctions; Climatic; Change

9403206 Emslie The project will develop a chronology of avian extinctions for the Plio-Pleistocene of Florida using the exceptional fossil record of birds from this region. Dozens of published and unpublished late Pliocene to late Pleistocene (Blancan through Rancholabrean Land Mammal Ages, 2.4-0.010 Ma) localities that include over 100 taxa of birds provide an excellent database from which to establish this chronology. These avifaunas are located throughout Florida, represent a diversity of depositional environments and provide substantial information on the structure of terrestrial, wetland and coastal/marine communities throughout this period. This chronology will be supplemented with identification and description of seven additional avifaunas that will add at least 10 undescribed extinct taxa to the fossil record of Florida. Limited fieldwork at selected sites and newly discovered localities will be completed to determine their age, recover additional fossil material and collect paleoenvironmental data using paleomagnetic, strontium isotope, radiocarbon and palynologic sampling. Avian extinction in the Plio-Pleistocene will be investigated using FAUNMAP, a GIS-based computer program,, and digitized land cover maps of Florida, to reconstruct avian distributions and habitats for specific time intervals. Paleoenvironmental information will be drawn from geological, paleontological and palynological data from over 50 vertebrate localities. The maps generated from this program will be compared with the avian chronology to develop and test hypotheses on avian extinctions and climatic change. This research will be completed over a two year period in collaboration with a geologist and paynologist. It will provide a thorough documentation of Plio-Pleistocene avian diversity and extinction in one geographic region of North America and will be the first application of the FAUNMAP system with fossil birds. Results of this investigation will be applicable to current global warming and its potential impact on vertebrate communities.

9403206 Emslie 该项目将利用该地区特殊的鸟类化石记录，制定佛罗里达州普里奥-更新世鸟类灭绝年表。 数十个已发表和未发表的上新世晚期到更新世晚期（布兰肯到兰乔拉布里亚陆地哺乳动物年龄，2.4-0.010 Ma）地点，包括 100 多种鸟类分类群，为建立这一年代学提供了一个优秀的数据库。 这些鸟类动物分布在佛罗里达州各地，代表了沉积环境的多样性，并提供了有关这一时期陆地、湿地和沿海/海洋群落结构的大量信息。 该年表将得到对另外七种鸟类的识别和描述的补充，这将在佛罗里达州的化石记录中添加至少 10 个未描述的灭绝类群。 将完成对选定地点和新发现地点的有限实地考察，以确定其年龄，回收更多化石材料，并使用古地磁、锶同位素、放射性碳和孢粉采样收集古环境数据。 将使用基于 GIS 的计算机程序 FAUNMAP 和佛罗里达州数字化土地覆盖图来调查上更新世的鸟类灭绝，以重建特定时间间隔的鸟类分布和栖息地。 古环境信息将从 50 多个脊椎动物产地的地质、古生物学和孢粉学数据中提取。 该计划生成的地图将与鸟类年表进行比较，以制定和测试有关鸟类灭绝和气候变化的假设。 这项研究将与地质学家和地质学家合作，在两年内完成。 它将提供北美某个地理区域的上更新世鸟类多样性和灭绝的完整记录，并且将是 FAUNMAP 系统在鸟类化石上的首次应用。 这项调查的结果将适用于当前的全球变暖及其对脊椎动物群落的潜在影响。