CRB: Collaborative: The Importance of Hybridization in the Evolution and Ecology of Carpobrotus Species in California

CRB：协作：杂交在加州 Carpobrotus 物种进化和生态学中的重要性

• 批准号: 9322795
• 负责人: Carla D'Antonio
• 金额: $ 4.98万
• 依托单位: University of California-Berkeley
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1994-09-01 至 1996-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9322795&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CRB; Collaborative; Importance; Hybridization; Evolution

9322795 D'Antonio The widespread occurrence of biological invasions offers the opportunity to study changes in the dynamics and genetics of populations and the ecological effects of those changes. Such changes are important in light of the increasing mixing and homogenization of the world's species and habitats. This study will address the evolutionary and ecological importance of genetic changes resulting from hybridization between two closely related plant species which have recently come into contact as a result of human activity. Carpobrotus edulis is an aggressive South African perennial introduced into California in the early 1900's where it invades coastal dune, grassland and scrub habitats. Carpobrotus chilensis is a less aggressive species that was common throughout California before the introduction of C. edulis. It exhibits little competitive pressure on native dune species. In this study, the investigators will combine genetic techniques and field experiments to establish the extent to which hybridization is occurring between these species and examine the effect of hybridization and introgression on morphological, ecological and fitness characteristics important to successful establishment and invasion. Also, some of the community-level consequences of hybridization will be identified. %%% The historical separation of these species provides the ideal system in which to measure gene flow and corresponding changes in fitness and ecological adaptation. The results of this study will contribute to understanding the impact of hybridization on the genetic integrity of native species and the conservation of native ecosystems.

9322795 D'Antonio 生物入侵的广泛发生为研究种群动态和遗传学的变化以及这些变化的生态影响提供了机会。鉴于世界物种和栖息地的日益混合和同质化，这种变化非常重要。这项研究将探讨两种密切相关的植物物种之间的杂交所引起的遗传变化的进化和生态重要性，这两种植物物种最近由于人类活动而接触。 Carpobrotus edulis 是一种侵略性的南非多年生植物，于 1900 年代初期引入加利福尼亚州，侵入沿海沙丘、草原和灌木丛栖息地。 Carpobrotus chilensis 是一种攻击性较小的物种，在引入 C. edulis 之前在整个加利福尼亚州很常见。它对本地沙丘物种的竞争压力很小。在这项研究中，研究人员将结合遗传技术和田间实验来确定这些物种之间发生杂交的程度，并检查杂交和基因渗入对形态、生态和适应性特征的影响，这些特征对于成功建立和入侵至关重要。此外，还将确定杂交对社区层面的一些影响。 %%% 这些物种的历史分离提供了测量基因流以及适应性和生态适应的相应变化的理想系统。这项研究的结果将有助于了解杂交对本地物种遗传完整性和本地生态系统保护的影响。