Molecular Genetics of the Olfactory System

嗅觉系统的分子遗传学

• 批准号: 9317054
• 负责人: John Carlson
• 金额: $ 28.2万
• 依托单位: Yale University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1994-09-01 至 1998-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9317054&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Molecular; Genetics; Olfactory; System; Molecular; Genetics; Olfactory; System

Recent work has shown major similarities across a wide range of organisms in the biochemical mechanisms for olfactory reception. The fruit fly, Drosophila, provides an excellent model system for study because of its accessibility for genetics, molecular analysis, behavior, and even some physiology. This project combines these techniques to address the molecular basis for olfactory sensitivity. Modern genetic technology and methodology is used to isolate particular mutant strains of Drosophila that show particular olfactory sensitivity or loss. These mutants allow identification of particular genes by the pattern of proteins that are expressed. Genes that are expressed specifically in olfactory tissue during development will be characterized, and their expression or deletion correlated to specific kinds of olfactory behavior. One of these genes apparently is expressed differently in males and females, suggesting an important role in mate recognition or other important reproductive behavior. Results will be important for understanding the mechanisms of olfactory reception at the fundamental level of molecular genetics, and will have a broader impact as well on sensory neuroscience and on genetics, with potential applications including pest control.

最近的工作表明，在嗅觉接收的生化机制中，广泛的生物体上的主要相似之处。 果蝇果蝇为研究提供了出色的模型系统，因为它可以访问遗传学，分子分析，行为甚至某些生理学。 该项目结合了这些技术，以解决嗅觉灵敏度的分子基础。 现代遗传技术和方法论用于分离果蝇的特定突变菌株，这些突变菌株表现出特定的嗅觉敏感性或损失。 这些突变体允许通过表达的蛋白质模式来鉴定特定基因。 发育过程中在嗅觉组织中特别表达的基因将被表征，其表达或缺失与特定种类的嗅觉行为相关。 这些基因显然在男性和女性中的表达方式不同，这表明在伴侣识别或其他重要的生殖行为中起重要作用。 结果对于理解分子遗传学基本水平的嗅觉接收的机制将很重要，并且对感觉神经科学和遗传学的影响也更广泛，并具有包括病虫控制在内的潜在应用。