Dissertation Research: Migration, Fertility Transition and Change in the Life Course among Ethiopian Jewish Women in Israel

论文研究：以色列埃塞俄比亚犹太妇女的移民、生育力转变和生命历程的变化

• 批准号: 9311596
• 负责人: Carol Worthman
• 金额: $ 1.2万
• 依托单位: Emory University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1993-06-15 至 1994-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9311596&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; Migration; Fertility; Transition

The 1991 airlift of 15,000 Ethiopian Jews to Tel Aviv presents a remarkable opportunity to study the impact of social change on women's reproductive careers. In Ethiopia Jewish women married young, bore children early, and had high fertility, trends opposite of Israeli Jewish women. This project has two major goals. The first is to quantify the effect of changes in economy, education, and opportunity structure on fertility decisions. And the second is to provide a qualitative ethnographic context for understanding those decisions based on an analysis of women's life histories. A restructuring of the life course, as reflected in marriage and childbearing patters, pursuit of education, and employment experience, is proposed to account for differences in fertility regimes between older women who began their child bearing careers in Ethiopia and younger women who have begun their child bearing careers in Israel. The data collected in this study will be generated from a series of directed and open-ended interviews that will provide a complete life history of immigrations, residence, education, employment, and fertility. The details of the immigration history of the Ethiopian Jewish population, including an abrupt rather than a gradual social, economic, and technical change, provide a unique opportunity to test hypotheses regarding the factors that influence the demographic transition. Thus, this study will provide critical linkages between social transformation, cultural values, and individual behaviors pertaining to reproduction and fertility.

1991年，有15,000名埃塞俄比亚犹太人的空运到了特拉维夫，这是研究社会变革对妇女生殖职业的影响的非凡机会。 在埃塞俄比亚，犹太妇女嫁给了年轻的妇女，早就生了儿童，并且具有很高的生育能力，趋势与以色列犹太妇女相反。 该项目有两个主要目标。 首先是量化经济，教育和机会结构对生育决策的影响。 第二个是提供定性的民族志环境，以根据对妇女生活史的分析理解这些决定。 建议对生活过程的重组，反映在婚姻和生育模式，追求教育和就业经验中，以解释年龄较大的妇女在埃塞俄比亚从事生涯的年长妇女的生育能力差异，这些妇女和年轻的妇女在以色列开始生育孩子。 这项研究中收集的数据将来自一系列有指导和开放式访谈，这些访谈将提供移民，居住，教育，就业和生育的完整生活历史。 埃塞俄比亚犹太人人口的移民历史的细节，包括突然而不是逐步的社会，经济和技术变革，提供了一个独特的机会来检验有关影响人口过渡的因素的假设。 因此，这项研究将在社会转型，文化价值和与生殖和生育有关的个人行为之间提供关键的联系。