Response to Crowding and Vegetation Shade in Impatiens capensis: Genetic Variation and Fitness Consequences

凤仙花对拥挤和植被遮荫的反应：遗传变异和适应性后果

• 批准号: 9306637
• 负责人: Johanna Schmitt
• 金额: $ 28.6万
• 依托单位: Brown University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1993-10-15 至 1998-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9306637&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Response; Crowding; Vegetation; Shade; Impatiens

9306637 Schmitt Many plants display striking stem elongation and other morphological responses to the reduced ratio of red to far red light (R:FR) characteristic of vegetation shade; recent physiological studies have shown that these responses can be induced by the R:FR of light reflected onto plant stems by neighbors. Plant physiologists have suggested that shoot elongation in response to reduced R:FR is advantageous because it enables plants to sense and avoid competition for light. On the other hand, shoot elongation is thought to be disadvantageous at low density. The study proposed here will provide the first test of these predictions in an evolutionary context. By examining the relationship between elongation and fitness at manipulated densities in natural populations of the common native annual Impatiens capensis (jewelweed or touch me not), Dr. Schmitt will determine whether elongation in response to low R:FR is favored in crowded stands, but disadvantageous at low density. Moreover, by using R:FR to induce or inhibit elongation, the performance of experimental plants with "appropriate" and "inappropriate" morphologies can be compared both at low density and in dense canopies. Dr. Schmitt will also examine genetic variation in response to R:FR within and between natural populations to determine the potential for this trait to evolve and test for adaptive differentiation in response to light quality among pop ulations. The integration of quantitative genetic analysis, studies of population differentiation and adaptation, and direct measurement of selection in different environments will provide valuable information about the evolution of an ecologically important functional trait. This research will integrate genetic, physiological, and population biology approaches to the study of adaptive plasticity, and will introduce physiological methods for using R:FR to manipulate morphology to plant population biologists. %%% The results will contribute to understanding how plants interact in natural communities and will provide an ecological and evolutionary context for current research on the molecular genetics and physiology of plant responses to light spectral quality. This work will also be relevant to agriculture and forestry because it will provide useful information about how response to R:FR affects performance and yield in dense stands.

9306637施密特许多植物表现出惊人的茎伸长和对植被阴影的红光与远红光（R：fr）特征的降低比率的其他形态反应；最近的生理研究表明，这些反应可以由邻居反射到植物茎上的光的R：FR。 植物生理学家建议，响应减少的R：FR是有利的，因为它使植物能够感知并避免竞争光。 另一方面，在低密度下，芽伸长被认为是不利的。 这里提出的研究将在进化环境中提供对这些预测的首次测试。 通过检查伸长和适应性之间在普通本地年度凤仙花的自然种群中受操纵的密度（珠宝素或不触摸我）的自然种群中的关系，施密特博士将确定响应低r：fr的伸长率是否在拥挤的林分中受到青睐，但在低密度下是不利的。 此外，通过使用r：fr诱导或抑制延伸，可以在低密度和密集的檐篷中比较具有“适当”和“不适当”形态的实验植物的性能。 Schmitt博士还将检查自然种群内部和自然种群之间的R：FR的遗传变异，以确定该性状的发展和测试适应性分化的潜力，以响应流行质量的光质量。 定量遗传分析，人群分化和适应性的研究以及在不同环境中进行选择的直接测量的整合将提供有关生态上重要功能性状的演变的有价值信息。 这项研究将整合遗传，生理和人群生物学的方法来研究适应性可塑性，并将引入生理方法，用于使用R：FR来操纵形态来植物种群生物学家。结果这些结果将有助于了解植物如何在自然社区中相互作用，并为当前关于植物对光光谱质量反应的分子遗传学和生理的研究提供生态和进化的环境。 这项工作也将与农业和林业有关，因为它将提供有关R：FR的反应如何影响浓密摊位的性能和产量的有用信息。