Theoretical Condensed Matter Physics

理论凝聚态物理

• 批准号: 9300711
• 负责人: Eric Siggia
• 金额: $ 47.4万
• 依托单位: Cornell University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing grant
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1993-04-01 至 1998-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9300711&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Theoretical; Condensed; Matter; Physics

Theoretical research will be conducted in two unrelated areas: turbulence and biophysics. The statistics of a passive scalar advected by a turbulent velocity field will be studied numerically in two dimensions to guide analytic theory which has formal analogies to the treatment of band edge tails, and propagation in random gauge fields. Among the experimental issues to be addressed are the distribution function of the scalar and its derivative at point and the nonzero value of the derivative skewness in high Reynold's number shear flows. Scalar transport also arises when the Euler equations are written with Clebsch variables, a representation that may facilitate understanding why vortex structures form. In the area of cellular biophysics, the dynamics of voltage sensitive ion channels will be explored based on similarities with solid state systems. Specifically frequency dependent response and fluctuations will be examined for nonequilibrium effects as well as simultaneous passage of several ions - a sort of Coulomb blockade. The possibility of a collapse transition in a long loop of negatively supercoiled DNA will be investigated taking proper account of the thermal fluctuations. %%% Theoretical research in condensed matter physics will be conducted focussing on two different condensed matter systems. One system involves turbulence and related phenomena in the flow of fluids. The other system is biophysical. The elastic properties of proteins and conduction across biological membranes will be studied.

理论研究将在两个无关的领域进行：湍流和生物物理学。 由湍流速度场延伸的被动标量的统计数据将在数值上进行二维研究，以指导分析理论，该理论具有与带边缘尾部处理的形式类比，并在随机仪表场中进行了传播。 在要解决的实验问题中，有标量的分布函数及其在高雷诺剪切流中的衍生物偏度的衍生物的分布函数和衍生物偏度的非零值。 当用Clebsch变量编写Euler方程时，也会出现标量传输，这种表示可以促进理解为什么涡流结构形成。 在细胞生物物理学区域，将根据与固态系统的相似性来探索电压敏感离子通道的动力学。 特定于频率依赖的响应和波动将被检查，以确保非平衡效应以及几种离子的同时通过 - 一种库仑阻滞。 在长时间的否定超螺旋DNA循环中崩溃过渡的可能性将得到适当考虑热波动。 %% %%在凝结物理学中的理论研究将集中在两个不同的凝结物质系统上。 一个系统涉及流体流动中的湍流和相关现象。 另一个系统是生物物理。 将研究蛋白质的弹性特性和跨生物膜的传导。