Dissertation Research: The Hominid Temporal Bone: Ontogeny and Phylogenetic Implications

论文研究：原始人类颞骨：个体发育和系统发育的影响

• 批准号: 9208364
• 负责人: Steven Ward
• 金额: $ 0.98万
• 依托单位: Northeast Ohio Medical University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1992-07-15 至 1993-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9208364&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; Hominid; Temporal; Bone

The primary objective of this project is to study the growth and development of the temporal bone in humans and non-human primates. This will provide the background for interpreting the data from the hominid fossil record thereby allowing for further understanding of the evolutionary history of humans. The temporal bone, the bone of the skull housing the ear, is important to anthropologists for two reasons: 1) It is a highly complex structure and thus has a high information density. Aside from containing the organs for hearing and balance, the temporal bone serves as the portion of the skull that articulates with the mandible and thus plays a major role in chewing and diet. This complexity leads to a high degree of variability among species. Therefore the temporal bone is crucial to our understanding of the relationships of fossil specimens. 2) The petrous portion of the temporal bone is one of the densest areas of the body. This part of the skeleton is thus one of the likliest to fossilize and thereby be represented in the fossil record. The examination of development of this bone and its concomitant structures will provide an additional dimension of information to the hominid fossil record beyond that provided by examination of the adult forms.

该项目的主要目标是研究人类和非人类灵长类动物颞骨的生长和发育。 这将为解释原始人类化石记录的数据提供背景，从而进一步了解人类的进化历史。 颞骨（即容纳耳朵的头骨）对于人类学家来说很重要，原因有两个：1）它是一个高度复杂的结构，因此具有很高的信息密度。 除了包含听觉和平衡器官外，颞骨还是颅骨中与下颌骨相连的部分，因此在咀嚼和饮食中发挥着重要作用。 这种复杂性导致物种之间存在高度的变异性。 因此，颞骨对于我们理解化石标本的关系至关重要。 2）颞骨的岩部是身体最致密的区域之一。因此，这部分骨骼是最有可能形成化石的部分之一，从而在化石记录中得到体现。 对这种骨骼及其伴随结构的发育的检查将为原始人类化石记录提供除成人形式检查之外的额外信息。