DNA Sequences and Fingerprints from Chimpanzee Hair: A New Approach to Establishing Genetic and Evolutionary Relationships

黑猩猩毛发的 DNA 序列和指纹：建立遗传和进化关系的新方法

• 批准号: 9011896
• 负责人: David Woodruff
• 金额: $ 9.26万
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-08-01 至 1993-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9011896&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: DNA; Sequences; Fingerprints; Chimpanzee; Hair

Study of the genetics of our non-human primate relatives has been hampered by the invasive nature of obtaining samples for analysis from living tissue. Now it is possible to obtain sufficient DNA from hair which can easily be obtained non- invasively, even from the nests of wild animals in their native habitat. In this study hair will be used as the prime source of DNA for determining genetic relationships in two species of chimpanzees. Segments of selected nuclear and mitochondrial genes will be amplified enzymatically by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequenced directly or analyzed for size polymorphism. In most individuals studied, sequences at six or more loci will be compared cladistically to address questions of pedigree and phylogenetic relationships, gene flow, and mating systems. In collaboration with Dr. Oliver Ryder, the PI will study intrapopulation variation and develop formal genetic pedigrees for two well known breeding colonies: Pan pansicus at the San Diego Zoo, and Pan troglodytes at the North Carolina Zoological Park. In collaboration with Dr. Jane Goodall, the PI will study genetic variation in members of the Kasakela community of Pan troglodytes at Gombe National Park, Tanzania. A 30-year retrospective genetic pedigree for this community of chimpanzees will be attempted. By using the PCR method of analysis on samples of chimpanzee hair, it will be possible to obtain genetic information not previously obtainable.

从活组织中获取样本进行分析的侵入性性质阻碍了对我们非人类灵长类亲戚的遗传学研究。 现在可以从头发中获得足够的 DNA，这些 DNA 可以轻松地非侵入性地获得，甚至可以从野生动物原生栖息地的巢穴中获得。 在这项研究中，毛发将被用作 DNA 的主要来源，用于确定两种黑猩猩的遗传关系。 选定的核和线粒体基因片段将通过聚合酶链式反应 (PCR) 进行酶促扩增，并直接测序或分析大小多态性。 在大多数研究个体中，六个或更多基因座的序列将进行分支分类比较，以解决谱系和系统发育关系、基因流和交配系统的问题。 PI 将与 Oliver Ryder 博士合作，研究种群内变异，并为两个著名的繁殖群体开​​发正式的遗传谱系：圣地亚哥动物园的 Pan pansicus 和北卡罗来纳州动物园的 Pan pansicus。 首席研究员将与 Jane Goodall 博士合作，研究坦桑尼亚贡贝国家公园卡萨凯拉盘穴居人社区成员的遗传变异。 我们将尝试对这个黑猩猩群落进行 30 年的回顾性遗传谱系研究。 通过使用PCR方法对黑猩猩毛发样本进行分析，将有可能获得以前无法获得的遗传信息。