"Processes at the Sediment-Water Interface of the Peru Shelf: Biogenic Fluxes and Phosphorite Formation"

“秘鲁大陆架沉积物-水界面的过程：生物通量和磷矿形成”

基本信息

批准号：
9014801
负责人：
Michael Arthur
金额：
$ 33.9万
依托单位：
Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
1991
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1991-11-15 至 1994-10-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9014801&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Processes Sediment Water Interface Peru

项目摘要

Two expeditions to the Peru Continental Margin will investigate biogeo chemical processes near the sediment surface. The P.I:'s will measure the fluxes of biogenic components across the sediment-water interface linked to bacterial mat activity, organic matter diagenesis, iron redox cycling, phosphate precipitation and sedimentary denitrification. The selected study area (11o40"S - 15oS; 50 m -600 m) exhibits high persistent upwelling, primary production and sediment organic carbon; ubiquitous microbial mats; modern phosphorites; and near-zero oxygen and "nitrate deficit" in the near-bottom water column. A smaller are (1300 sq. Km at 13o30'S), selected to study benthic processes will be box cored in a bottom-navigated array to provide a detailed map for submersible operations and bottom experiments. Fluxes will be obtained with benthic flux chambers (Landers), microelectrodes (Profilers) and mm-scale pore water profiles (box cores and Whole-Core Squeezer). The P.I:'s will also deploy near-bottom sediment traps and current meters to determine transport velocities and directions and the biogeochemical sources of particles entrained in the poleward bottom flow. Both long- and short- term in situ experiments on the seabed will test theories concerning (1) apatite nucleation and solubility; (2) sediment disturbance and sediment starvation; (3) patchy distributions of laminated sediments, mats, organic carbon and pellets; and (4) Fe- and O2-redox driven phosphorus reaction.

秘鲁大陆边缘的两次探险将研究沉积物表面附近的生物ge化学过程。 p.i：'s将测量与细菌垫活性，有机物成岩作用，铁氧化还原循环，磷酸盐沉淀和沉积硝化剂有关的沉积物水界面的生物成分的通量。 The selected study area (11o40"S - 15oS; 50 m -600 m) exhibits high persistent upwelling, primary production and sediment organic carbon; ubiquitous microbial mats; modern phosphorites; and near-zero oxygen and "nitrate deficit" in the near-bottom water column. A smaller are (1300 sq. Km at 13o30'S), selected to study benthic processes will be box cored in a bottom-navigated array to provide a detailed map for submersible operations and bottom experiments. Fluxes will be obtained with benthic flux chambers (Landers), microelectrodes (Profilers) and mm-scale pore water profiles (box cores and Whole-Core Squeezer). The P.I:'s will also deploy near-bottom sediment traps and current meters to determine transport velocities and directions and the极点底部流中夹带的颗粒的生物地球化学源。长期和短期的现场实验都将在海床上进行有关（1）磷灰石成核和溶解度的理论；（2）沉积物干扰和沉积物饥饿；（3）层状沉积物，垫子，有机碳和颗粒的斑驳分布；（4）Fe-和O2-Redox驱动的磷反应。