Timing of the Closure of the Central American Isthmus: Evidence From Shallow-Water Benthic Foraminifera (Earth Science)

中美洲地峡关闭的时间：来自浅水底栖有孔虫的证据（地球科学）

• 批准号: 9002977
• 负责人: Laurel Collins
• 金额: $ 8.21万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-08-01 至 1992-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9002977&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Timing; Closure; Central; American; Isthmus

Approximately three million years ago the emergence of the Isthmus of Panama from the sea divided the American tropical marine fauna in two, profoundly affecting the evolution and geographic distribution of many animals. The time of severance of deep.water connections has been studied, but Dr. Collins will determine the time of final closure using shallow.water benthic foraminifera. Fossil species of these abundant protists indicate the water depths in which they formerly lived. From strata dated with the newest biostratigraphic zonations, a sequence of water depths through time from both sides of the isthmus will be combined with taxonomic data on the biogeographic divergence of East Pacific and Caribbean foraminifera to date and the final closure of the isthmus. Standard laboratory and analytical methods will be used. The date of termination of the marine connection is important to evolutionary studies in paleontology, molecular biological studies of rates of genetic divergence, and calculations of regional tectonic uplift and the terrestrial interchange of South and North American vertebrates. Interactions with the host institution include: teaching an undergraduate course in biostratigraphy, leading a graduate seminar in paleobiogeography, co-teaching summer geology field camp, and arranging guest lectures by established women paleontologists. This project furthers VPW program objectives which are (1) to provide opportunities for women to advance their careers in engineering and in the disciplines of science supported by NSF and (2) to encourage women to pursue careers in science and engineering by providing greater visibility for women scientists and engineers employed in industry, government, and academic institutions. By encouraging the participation of women in science, it is a valuable investment in the Nation's future scientific vitality.

大约三百万年前，巴拿马地峡的出现与海洋中分裂了两次美国热带海洋动物区系，对许多动物的进化和地理分布产生了深远的影响。 已经研究了深水连接的遣散时间，但柯林斯博士将使用浅水底栖有孔虫确定最终关闭的时间。 这些丰富的生物的化石物种表示它们以前居住的水深度。 从最新的生物地层分区的地层开始，从地峡两侧的时间到一系列水深将与迄今为止东太平洋和加勒比海有孔虫生物地理差异的分类学数据结合在一起，迄今为止，地下有孔虫的生物地理差异以及地峡的最终关闭。 将使用标准实验室和分析方法。 海洋连接的终止日期对于古生物学的进化研究，遗传差异率的分子生物学研究以及区域构造隆起的计算以及南美脊椎动物和北美脊椎动物的陆地互换。 与主机机构的互动包括：在生物地层学教授本科课程，领导古生物地理学的研究生研讨会，共同教学的夏季地质野外训练营，并安排成熟的女性古生物学家的来宾讲座。 该项目进一步推进了VPW计划的目标，该计划是（1）为妇女提供机会，以提高其在工程学和NSF支持的科学学科和（2）来鼓励妇女从事科学和工程学的职业，通过为在工业，政府政府和学术机构中雇用的女性科学家提供更高的知名度，从而为妇女从事科学和工程学的职业。 通过鼓励妇女参与科学，这是对国家未来科学活力的宝贵投资。