Collaborative Research: On the Role of PDP Systems in the Study of Cognition

协作研究：PDP 系统在认知研究中的作用

• 批准号: 8911152
• 负责人: Robert Cummins
• 金额: $ 2.47万
• 依托单位: University of Arizona
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1989
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1989-07-15 至 1992-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8911152&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Role; PDP; Systems

Dr. Robert Cummins of the University of Arizona and Dr. David Kirsh of the University of California, San Diego, are analyzing and comparing two radically different approaches to the study of cognition and intelligence, the orthodox "computational" approach, on the one hand, and the "new connectionist" or parallel distributed processing approach on the other. The orthodox computational approach takes mental processes to be analogous to the processes in a programmed digital computer. The connectionist approach understands mental processes as changes in patterns of activation in a network of simple neuron-like elements. Drs. Cummins and Kirsh are undertaking a systematic analysis and comparison of these paradigms in a scientifically and philosophically informed way. The goals of this project are 1) to compare the research methods and explanatory goals of the connectionist and computational approach to cognitive science; 2) to articulate the underlying conception of cognition, intelligence and mentality that drives exponents of each approach; and 3) to assess the possible impact on cognitive science of the major shift of resources into connectionist research that is currently taking place. The investigators will carry out site visits to major centers of connectionist and orthodox computational research. They are targeting two specific research areas for investigation on these visits: speech perception ( a strength of connectionism) and problem solving (a strength of the orthodox approach).

亚利桑那大学的罗伯特·康明斯博士和加州大学圣地亚哥分校的戴维·基尔什博士正在分析和比较两种截然不同的认知和智力研究方法，一方面是正统的“计算”方法，以及“新连接主义”或并行分布式处理方法。 传统的计算方法将心理过程与编程数字计算机中的过程进行类比。 联结主义方法将心理过程理解为简单神经元样元素网络中激活模式的变化。 博士。康明斯和柯什正在以科学和哲学的方式对这些范式进行系统分析和比较。 该项目的目标是1）比较认知科学的联结主义和计算方法的研究方法和解释目标； 2）阐明驱动每种方法的倡导者的认知、智力和心态的基本概念； 3）评估当前正在发生的资源向联结主义研究的重大转移对认知科学可能产生的影响。 调查人员将对联结主义和正统计算研究的主要中心进行实地考察。 他们针对这些访问进行调查的两个特定研究领域：言语感知（联结主义的优势）和问题解决（正统方法的优势）。