U.S.-Italy Cooperative Research: Low-Frequency Measurementsof the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation

美国-意大利合作研究：宇宙微波背景辐射的低频测量

• 批准号: 8815024
• 负责人: George Smoot
• 金额: $ 1.45万
• 依托单位: University of California-Berkeley
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1988-12-15 至 1991-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8815024&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: U.S.; Italy; Cooperative; Research; Low

This award will support a group of investigators headed by Professor George Smoot of the University of California-Berkeley in collaborative work with Professor Giorgio Sironi of the Universita Degli Studi di Milano in Milan, Italy. The investigators plan to carry out improved measurements of the cosmic microwave background radiation (CMBR) temperature from the Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station. The Italian group will make measurements at frequencies of .8 and 2.5 GHz, while the U.S. team will make measurements at frequencies of 1.5, 3.8, and 7.5 GHz. Already, measurements taken by 2.5 and 3.8 GHz radiometers have yielded scientifically significant results; with upgraded equipment and the more advantageous South Pole site, it is expected that more accurate results will be obtained that will supplement, verify, and extend previous measurements by the collaborators. In addition, atmospheric measurements in the 90GHz range will be done, using existing instruments. In combination with current measurements at higher frequencies and with very accurate high frequency data from the Cosmic Background Explorer (CoBE) satellite, these measurements will more accurately determine the shape of the CMBR spectrum and thus provide useful information about the thermal history of the early universe, significantly affecting theories of galaxy formation and particle physics. In addition, the atmospheric measurement could help test existing models of atmospheric emission by providing valuable data taken with a single set of instruments over a wide range of atmospheric and meteorological conditions.

该奖项将支持一群由加州大学 - 伯克利分校乔治·斯莫特（George Smoot）教授领导的一组调查人员，与意大利米兰米兰大学的Giorgio Sironi教授合作。 研究人员计划从Amundsen-Scott South Pole站进行改进的宇宙微波背景辐射（CMBR）温度的测量。 意大利集团将以0.8和2.5 GHz的频率进行测量，而美国团队将以1.5、3.8和7.5 GHz的频率进行测量。 2.5和3.8 GHz辐射计进行的测量已经产生了科学上的显着结果。借助升级的设备和更有利的南极场地，预计将获得更准确的结果，以补充合作者的补充，验证和扩展以前的测量。 此外，将使用现有仪器进行90GHz范围内的大气测量。 结合较高频率下的当前测量结果，以及来自宇宙背景探索器（COBE）卫星的非常准确的高频数据，这些测量结果将更准确地确定CMBR光谱的形状，从而提供有关早期宇宙热历史的有用信息，从而显着影响星系形成和粒子物理学的理论。 此外，大气测量可以通过在各种大气和气象条件下使用一组仪器获取的有价值的数据来帮助测试大气排放的现有模型。