Aphanomyces invadans, the causal agent of Epizootic Ulcerative Syndrome, is a global threat to wild and farmed fish

Aphanomyces invadans is a eukaryotic pathogen and the causative agent of Epizootic Ulcerative Syndrome (EUS) in fish and is responsible for mortalities of up to 100% in aquaculture. A. invadans was first discovered in Japan in 1971, and since then it has been found in Australia, North America, Southern African countries and Asia. Methods for the correct identification of A. invadans are well established now and involve PCR-based detection and microscopy. However, the pathogenesis of A. invadans is poorly understood. Environmental stress (mainly temperature) and the associated immunocompromised fish seem to induce infections of A. invadans and outbreaks of EUS. Understanding the process of infection in more depth is fundamental for the discovery of novel effective treatments to combat the disease. In this review, we discuss morphological characteristics of A. invadans and its pathogenicity as well as various approaches of treatment. (C) 2018 British Mycological Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

寄生水霉（Aphanomyces invadans）是一种真核病原体，是鱼类流行性溃疡综合征（EUS）的病原体，在水产养殖中可导致高达100%的死亡率。寄生水霉于1971年在日本首次被发现，此后在澳大利亚、北美洲、南部非洲国家和亚洲也有发现。目前，寄生水霉的正确鉴定方法已经很成熟，包括基于聚合酶链反应（PCR）的检测和显微镜检查。然而，人们对寄生水霉的致病机制了解甚少。环境压力（主要是温度）以及相关的免疫功能低下的鱼类似乎会诱发寄生水霉感染和流行性溃疡综合征的暴发。更深入地了解感染过程对于发现治疗该疾病的新型有效方法至关重要。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了寄生水霉的形态特征、致病性以及各种治疗方法。（C）2018英国真菌学会。由爱思唯尔有限公司出版。保留所有权利。