An explanation for 13 consecutive day activities of Mrk 421

It is surprising to find an instance of migration in the peak positions of synchrotron spectral energy distribution components during the activity epochs of Markarian 421 (Mrk 421), accompanying an orphan flare at the X-ray and GeV-TeV γ-ray bands. A geometric interpretation and standard shock or stochastic acceleration models of blazar emission have difficulty reproducing these observed behaviors. The present paper introduces a linear acceleration by integrating the reconnection electric field into the particle transport model for the observed behaviors of Mrk 421. We note that strong evidence for evolution in characteristic of multi-wavelength spectral energy distribution including shifting the peak frequency, accompanying an orphan flare at the X-ray and GeV-TeV γ-ray bands provides an important electrostatic acceleration diagnostic in a blazar jet. Assuming suitable model parameters, we apply the results of the simulation to the 13-day flaring event in March 2010 of Mrk 421, concentrating on the evolution of multi- wavelength spectral energy distribution characteristic by shifting the peak frequency. It is clear that the ratio of the electric field and magnetic field strength plays an important role in temporal evolution of the peak frequency of synchrotron spectral energy distribution component. We suggest it is reasonable that the electrostatic acceleration is responsible for the evolution of multi-wavelength spectral energy distribution characteristic by shifting the peak frequency. Based on the model results, we assert that the peak frequency of the synchrotron spectral energy distribution component may signify a temporary characteristic of blazars, rather than a permanent one.

在马卡良421（Mrk 421）的活动时期，在同步辐射光谱能量分布成分的峰值位置发现迁移的情况，并伴有X射线和GeV - TeV伽马射线波段的孤立耀斑，这是令人惊讶的。耀变体辐射的几何解释以及标准的激波或随机加速模型难以重现这些观测到的行为。本文通过将重联电场整合到粒子输运模型中，来解释Mrk 421观测到的行为，引入了一种线性加速。我们注意到，包括峰值频率移动在内的多波长光谱能量分布特征演变的有力证据，以及伴有X射线和GeV - TeV伽马射线波段的孤立耀斑，为耀变体喷流中的静电加速诊断提供了重要依据。假设合适的模型参数，我们将模拟结果应用于2010年3月Mrk 421为期13天的耀斑事件，重点关注通过峰值频率移动体现的多波长光谱能量分布特征的演变。很明显，电场和磁场强度的比值在同步辐射光谱能量分布成分峰值频率的时间演化中起着重要作用。我们认为，静电加速导致通过峰值频率移动体现的多波长光谱能量分布特征的演变是合理的。基于模型结果，我们断言同步辐射光谱能量分布成分的峰值频率可能代表耀变体的一种暂时特征，而非永久特征。