Nonequilibrium Ionization Effects on Solar EUV and X-Ray Imaging Observations

During transient events such as major solar eruptions, the plasma can be far from the equilibrium ionization state because of rapid heating or cooling. Nonequilibrium ionization. (NEI) is important in rapidly evolving systems where the thermodynamical timescale is shorter than the ionization or recombination timescales. We investigate the effects of NEI on EUV and X-ray observations by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) on board the Solar Dynamic Observatory and X-ray Telescope (XRT) on board Hinode. Our model assumes that the plasma is initially in ionization equilibrium at low temperature, and it is heated rapidly by a shock or magnetic reconnection. We tabulate the responses of the AIA and XRT passbands as functions of temperature and a characteristic timescale, n(e)t. We find that most of the ions reach equilibrium at n(e)t

在诸如重大太阳爆发等瞬态事件期间，由于快速加热或冷却，等离子体可能远偏离平衡电离态。非平衡电离（NEI）在热力学时间尺度短于电离或复合时间尺度的快速演化系统中非常重要。我们研究了非平衡电离对太阳动力学天文台搭载的大气成像组件（AIA）以及日出号搭载的X射线望远镜（XRT）在极紫外（EUV）和X射线观测中的影响。我们的模型假设等离子体最初在低温下处于电离平衡状态，然后被激波或磁重联迅速加热。我们将AIA和XRT通带的响应制成表格，作为温度和特征时间尺度\(n(e)t\)的函数。我们发现大多数离子在\(n(e)t\)时达到平衡（最后一句不完整，翻译可能会有细微偏差）