油菜精量集中排种器电驱控制系统设计与试验

In order to meet the requirements of mechanized precision sowing of rapeseed in hilly areas, aiming at the problems that the ground wheel drive causes the complexity of the transmission system or the slippage affects the sowing accuracy, a rapeseed electric drive seed metering control system is designed. This system is integrated with a wireless Bluetooth transmission module, a single-chip microcomputer module and an Android terminal platform development, and adopts an optimized PID algorithm to realize the synchronous control of the seeding unit speed with the working speed and the automatic adjustment of the sowing hole spacing. The bench test studied the control accuracy and seed metering performance of the rapeseed electric drive seed metering control system. When the seeding unit speed is 10 - 55 r·min~(-1), the average deviation between the actual speed and the theoretical speed is less than 1.5%, and the coefficient of variation of the speed is less than 2.0%, with good stability; when the hole spacing and the working speed are 60 - 180 mm and 1.6 - 3.2 km·h~(-1) respectively, the coefficient of variation of the hole spacing uniformity is lower than 15.0%. This system realizes the synchronous adjustment of the sowing hole spacing under the condition of the electric drive of the seeding unit, and provides a reference for the design of the seed metering control system of the rapeseed simplified precision seeder.

为适应丘陵区油菜机械化精量播种要求,针对地轮驱动致使传动系统复杂或滑移影响播种精度的问题,设计了一种油菜电驱排种控制系统。该系统集成无线蓝牙传输模块、单片机模块和Android终端平台开发,采用优化PID算法,实现集排器转速随作业速度的同步控制和自动调节播种穴距。台架试验研究了油菜电驱排种控制系统的控制精度和排种性能,当集排器转速为10~55 r·min~(-1)时,实际转速与理论转速的平均偏差均小于1.5%,且转速的变异系数均小于2.0%,稳定性较好;当穴距和作业速度分别为60~180 mm和1.6~3.2 km·h~(-1)时,穴距均匀性变异系数均低于15.0%。该系统实现了集排器电驱条件下播种穴距的同步调节,为油菜轻简化精量播种机的排种控制系统设计提供了参考。