陕南矿产资源开采区斜坡灾害失稳模式及影响因素分析

The geological environment in the mineral resource mining areas of the Qinling Mountains in southern Shaanxi is fragile. Coupled with the influence of mining engineering activities, geological disasters occur frequently in the area. Based on the project of "Geological Environment Investigation in the Concentrated Mining Areas of Qinling and Ningdong Mineral Resources", through remote sensing interpretation, unmanned aerial vehicle aerial photography and field investigations, a relatively detailed investigation was carried out on the development characteristics and instability modes of slope disasters in the vanadium mining area in southern Shaanxi. Based on the investigation results, the slope disasters in the area are classified into three typical instability failure modes: slip - compression-induced tensile cracking, slip - shear - tensile cracking and bending - toppling, and case analyses are carried out for each mode. At the same time, combined with the instability modes and distribution laws of slope disasters, the influences of factors such as slope shape, slope aspect, slope gradient, lithology, dip angle of rock strata, rock mass structure, rainfall and mining on the slope stability are discussed, and the influence degree intervals of each factor are proposed. On this basis, considering various influencing factors comprehensively, targeted prevention and control countermeasures are put forward.

陕南秦岭矿产资源开采区地质环境脆弱,加之受到采矿工程活动的影响,区内地质灾害频发。以“秦岭及宁东矿产资源集中开采区地质环境调查”项目为依据,通过遥感解译、无人机航拍及野外实地调查,对陕南钒矿开采区斜坡灾害的发育特征及失稳模式进行了较为详细的调研。基于调查结果,将区内斜坡灾害归纳为滑移-压致拉裂、滑移-剪切-拉裂与弯曲-倾倒三种典型的失稳破坏模式,并对每种模式进行了实例分析。同时,结合斜坡灾害失稳模式及分布规律,探讨了坡形、坡向、坡度、岩性、岩层倾角、岩体结构、降雨及采矿等因子对斜坡稳定性的影响,并提出了各因子的影响程度区间。在此基础上,综合考虑各类影响因素,提出了针对性的防控对策。