Graphene based materials for biomedical applications

Graphene, a single layer 2-dimensional structure nanomaterial with unique physicochemical properties (e.g. high surface area, excellent electrical conductivity, strong mechanical strength, unparalleled thermal conductivity, remarkable biocompatibility and ease of functionalization), has received increasing attention in physical, chemical and biomedical fields. This article selectively reviews current advances of graphene based materials for biomedical applications. In particular, graphene based biosensors for small biomolecules (glucose, dopamine etc.), proteins and DNA detection have been summarized; graphene based bioimaging, drug delivery, and photothermal therapy applications have been described in detail. Future perspectives and possible challenges in this rapidly developing area are also discussed.

石墨烯是一种具有独特物理化学性质（例如高比表面积、优异的导电性、强大的机械强度、无与伦比的热导率、显著的生物相容性以及易于功能化）的单层二维结构纳米材料，在物理、化学和生物医学领域受到了越来越多的关注。本文有选择性地综述了基于石墨烯的材料在生物医学应用方面的当前进展。特别是，总结了用于检测小分子生物物质（葡萄糖、多巴胺等）、蛋白质和DNA的基于石墨烯的生物传感器；详细描述了基于石墨烯的生物成像、药物递送和光热治疗应用。还讨论了在这个快速发展的领域中的未来展望和可能面临的挑战。