Parallel Calibration Method for Phased Array With Harmonic Characteristic Analysis

A novel parallel calibration method for the phased array is proposed and verified. By modulating the phase shifts of the RF channels periodically, their mismatches can be calculated out in parallel by analyzing the harmonic characteristic of the combined calibration signal. There are two main advantages for the proposed method. First, it can be a fast far-field calibration method, which needs no measurement between the calibration source and sink. Second, no auxiliary calibration elements are needed. The calculation amount of the proposed method is mainly the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) at the fundamental and harmonic frequency points. The theory of the proposed calibration method is mathematically deduced. Two numerical simulations are provided to examine its performance. A simple four-channel S-band circuit is constructed and tested to verify its effectiveness.

提出并验证了一种用于相控阵的新型并行校准方法。通过周期性地调制射频通道的相移，通过分析组合校准信号的谐波特性，可以并行计算出它们的失配。所提方法有两个主要优点。首先，它可以是一种快速远场校准方法，在校准源和校准接收端之间无需测量。其次，不需要辅助校准元件。所提方法的计算量主要是在基频和谐波频率点的离散傅里叶变换（DFT）。对所提校准方法的理论进行了数学推导。提供了两个数值模拟来检验其性能。构建并测试了一个简单的四通道S波段电路以验证其有效性。