The effect of Trichoderma biofertilizer on the quality of flowering Chinese cabbage and the soil environment

In the present study, four Trichoderma species were isolated and made into a biofertilizer. Following treatment with the biofertilizer for 30 days, the germination rate (up arrow 22.5%), height (up arrow 24.4%), fresh weight (up arrow 41.7%), and yield (up arrow 37.4%) of flowering Chinese cabbage increased markedly compared with those of the control. In addidon, the contents of soluble sugar (2.044%), soluble protein (5.938 %), and chlorophyll (2.803 mg/g) were higher in flowering Chinese cabbage treated with the biofertilizer for 30 days, compared to the control (1.7.4%, 5.611% and 2.639 mg/g respectively); however, the content of nitric nitrogen, with toxicological consequences for human health, was lower (down arrow 23.6%), indicating that Trichoderma could also improve the quality of flowering Chinese cabbage. After Evans blue and Nitro blue tetrazolium staining, the leaves of flowering Chinese cabbage treated with the biofertilizer showed a smaller blue area than in the control, suggesting that the biofertilizer enhanced the tolerance of flowering Chinese cabbage to environment stresses. Furthermore, the biofertilizer contributed to the increasing of soil enzyme activity at 30th days, including urease (up arrow 25.1%), phosphatase (up arrow 13.1%), and catalase (up arrow 14.0%), providing more inorganic N and P to the soil and reducing the harm done to flowering Chinese cabbage by reactive oxygen species. Taken together, the results showed the Trichoderma biofertilizer enhanced the nutrient uptake and tolerance environment stresses, further improving the quality and production of flowering Chinese cabbage.

在本研究中，分离出了4种木霉菌并制成了一种生物肥料。用该生物肥料处理30天后，菜心的发芽率（提高22.5%）、株高（提高24.4%）、鲜重（提高41.7%）和产量（提高37.4%）与对照相比均显著增加。此外，用生物肥料处理30天的菜心中可溶性糖（2.044%）、可溶性蛋白（5.938%）和叶绿素（2.803毫克/克）的含量高于对照（分别为1.74%、5.611%和2.639毫克/克）；然而，对人体健康有不良影响的硝态氮含量较低（降低23.6%），这表明木霉菌还能提高菜心的品质。经过伊文思蓝和氯化硝基四氮唑蓝染色后，用生物肥料处理的菜心叶片蓝色区域比对照小，这表明生物肥料增强了菜心对环境胁迫的耐受性。此外，在第30天，生物肥料有助于提高土壤酶活性，包括脲酶（提高25.1%）、磷酸酶（提高13.1%）和过氧化氢酶（提高14.0%），为土壤提供了更多的无机氮和磷，并减少了活性氧对菜心的危害。综上所述，结果表明木霉生物肥料增强了养分吸收和对环境胁迫的耐受性，进一步提高了菜心的品质和产量。