Progress and Prospects of Solution-Processed Two-Dimensional Semiconductor Nanocrystals

Two-dimensional (2D) semiconductor nanocrystals processed from solution have become an attractive material platform for the development of optoelectronic devices. The synergy of the 2D charge carrier confinement and soft fabrication methods has enabled new paradigms in solid-state lighting, biosensing, and energy harvesting. In this Perspective, we will summarize recent research trends in the synthesis and applications of 2D semiconductor materials, focusing on three morphological classes: metal chalcogenides, halide perovskites, and transition metal dichalcogenides. Our aim is to describe the role that 2D geometry plays in the optical and electronic properties of these semiconductor nanostructures and to discuss emerging opportunities in their synthesis and applications.

溶液加工的二维（2D）半导体纳米晶体已成为光电器件开发的一个有吸引力的材料平台。二维载流子限制和软加工方法的协同作用为固态照明、生物传感和能量收集带来了新的范例。在本综述中，我们将总结二维半导体材料合成和应用方面的近期研究趋势，重点关注三种形态类别：金属硫族化合物、卤化物钙钛矿和过渡金属二硫族化合物。我们的目的是描述二维几何形状在这些半导体纳米结构的光学和电子特性中所起的作用，并讨论其合成和应用中新兴的机遇。