北疆超晚播小麦品种生育特性及产量比较

In order to explore the differences in growth characteristics and yields between winter and spring wheat varieties under the condition of extremely late sowing in northern Xinjiang, a field experiment was carried out (sowing on October 31st, without irrigation before winter), and the growth characteristics and yields of 6 winter wheat varieties and 5 spring wheat varieties were compared. The results showed that the emergence rate of spring wheat varieties was significantly higher than that of winter wheat varieties. The average growth period of spring wheat varieties (91.8 days) was approximately 3.0 days shorter than that of winter wheat varieties (95.0 days). The average peak value of the total number of stems in spring wheat varieties (869.3×10⁴·hm⁻²) was significantly higher than that in winter wheat varieties (772.4×10⁴·hm⁻²). There was no significant difference in the average values of the leaf area index and dry matter accumulation between spring and winter wheat varieties. The yields of Xindong 41, Xinchun 6, and Xinchun 43 were relatively high, ranging from 7581.6 to 7935.6 kg·hm⁻². The number of ears for obtaining high yields was 431.7×10⁴ - 515.8×10⁴·hm⁻², the number of grains per ear was 31.6 - 36.3, and the 1000 - grain weight was 46.8 - 52.8 g. Considering factors such as yield, emergence rate, and maturity period, it is preliminarily considered that Xinchun 6, Xindong 41, and Xinchun 43 are suitable for extremely late sowing in northern Xinjiang.

为探明北疆超晚播条件下,冬、春性小麦品种间生育特性及产量的差异,采用田间试验(10月31日播种,冬前不灌水),比较了6个冬性和5个春性小麦品种的生育特性及产量。结果表明,春性品种出苗率明显高于冬性品种,春性品种平均生育期(91.8d)比冬性品种(95.0d)短约3.0d;春性品种总茎数平均峰值(869.3×10~4·hm~(-2))明显高于冬性品种(772.4×10~4·hm~(-2));叶面积指数和干物质积累量的平均值在春、冬性品种间差异不明显;新冬41、新春6号、新春43号的产量较高,为7581.6~7935.6kg·hm~(-2),获得高产的穗数为431.7X104~515.8×10~4·hm~(-2),穗粒数31.6~36.3,千粒重46.8~52.8g。综合考虑产量、出苗率、成熟期等因素,初步认为新春6号、新冬41号、新春43号适合在北疆超晚播。