刚性弹侵彻有限直径金属厚靶的机理与模型研究

Using the unified strength theory and considering the effect of the intermediate principal stress of the target plate and the influence of the free boundary on the side of the target body, the expressions of the radial stress of the cavity wall in the elastic-plastic stage and the plastic stage of the linearly hardening target material are obtained. A unified penetration model of the linearly hardening target material is established, and the calculation formulas for the penetration resistance and penetration depth when a rigid projectile at medium and low speeds (v0 ≤ 1000 m/s) penetrates a thick metal target with a finite diameter are derived and solved by using the Simpson algorithm. A series of influencing factors of the terminal ballistic effect including the difference in strength criteria are analyzed. The results show that the calculation method in this paper can better describe the dynamic response of the projectile and the target during the penetration process and can also obtain a series of analytical solutions for the penetration resistance and depth based on different strength criteria and effectively predict the range of the penetration depth of the target material at different impact velocities. The strength parameter, the impact velocity of the projectile, the radius of the target body and the shape of the warhead all have a great influence on the anti-penetration performance of the thick metal target with a finite diameter. When the value of the strength parameter decreases from 1 to 0, the penetration depth increases by 22.45%. As the ratio of the radius of the target to that of the projectile decreases, the penetration depth continuously increases. When the ratio of the radius of the target to that of the projectile is less than or equal to 16, the increase in the penetration depth is significant. At this time, the influence of the boundary size of the target body on the penetration performance is very large, and the calculation cannot continue to be carried out according to the semi-infinite target body.

采用统一强度理论,考虑靶板中间主应力效应和靶体侧面自由边界的影响,得到线性硬化靶材在弹塑性阶段和塑性阶段的空腔壁径向应力的表达式,建立线性硬化靶材的统一侵彻模型,求出中低速(v0≤ 1000 m/s)刚性弹体侵彻有限直径金属厚靶时侵彻阻力、侵彻深度计算公式,并利用Simpson算法对其进行求解,分析了包括强度准则差异在内的弹道终点效应的一系列影响因素。结果表明:该文计算方法可以更好地描述侵彻过程中弹靶的动态响应,还可以得到一系列基于不同强度准则的侵彻阻力和深度的解析解、对靶材在不同撞击速度下侵彻深度的区间范围进行有效预测;强度参数、弹体撞击速度、靶体半径和弹头形状对有限直径金属厚靶的抗侵彻性能均有较大的影响,其中强度参数值由1减小为0时,侵彻深度增加了22.45%;随着靶弹半径比的减小,侵彻深度不断增大,当靶弹半径比小于等于16时,侵彻深度增大的程度显著,此时靶体边界尺寸对侵彻性能的影响很大,不能继续按照半无限靶体进行计算。