废烟头衍生的氮掺杂碳电极的超电容性能

Waste cigarette butts are a common kind of household garbage and contain many harmful substances such as nicotine and tar. If not recycled and treated in a timely and effective manner, it may lead to environmental pollution or waste of resources. For this reason, this article recovers waste cigarette butts through a one-step pyrolysis and carbonization reaction and obtains nitrogen-doped carbon materials. Then, the microstructure, elemental composition, electronic conductivity and supercapacitor performance of the nitrogen-doped carbon materials derived from waste cigarette butts are studied by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray energy dispersive spectrometer (EDX), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), four-electrode conductivity meter, constant current charge/discharge and cyclic voltammetry (CV) techniques. The results show that: there are a small amount of N and O heteroatoms in the nitrogen-doped carbon materials derived from waste cigarette butts; the initial specific capacitance of the electrode material at a charge/discharge rate of 100 mA/g is 251 F/g, and it still remains at 220 F/g after 1500 charge/discharge cycles, demonstrating good supercapacitor performance.

废烟头是一种常见的生活垃圾，含有尼古丁、焦油等多种有害物质。若不及时有效回收处理，可能会导致环境污染或资源浪费。为此，本文通过一步热解碳化反应回收废烟头并得到氮掺杂碳材料。然后利用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线能量色散光谱仪(EDX)、X射线衍射仪(XＲD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIＲ)、四电极电导率仪、恒流充/放电及循环伏安(CV)技术研究了废烟头衍生氮掺杂碳材料的微观结构、元素组成、电子导电率及超电性能。结果表明:废烟头衍生的氮掺杂碳材料中含有少量N、O杂原子;电极材料在100 mA/g充/放电时的初始比电容为251 F/g，经过1500次充/放电循环后仍保持在220 F/g，表现了良好的超电性能。