环境中微塑料研究进展与展望

Environmental microplastic pollution is becoming one of the most serious threats to the entire surface ecosystem of the earth and has received serious concerns from many governments around the world and extensive research in multiple disciplines in the scientific and technological community. From the perspectives of multiple disciplines such as earth science, chemistry, biology, and management, this article systematically reviews the research progress at home and abroad in aspects such as the abundance distribution and sources of microplastics in environmental media such as water, soil, air, sediments, and organisms, separation and analysis methods, migration and prediction in land, sea and air, surface changes and adsorption characteristics, biological absorption and accumulation and ecological risks, food chain transfer and health risks, degradation and reduction, etc., and looks forward to the future research directions and key scientific issues of environmental microplastics, aiming to promote the research and treatment of environmental microplastic pollution.

环境微塑料污染正成为整个地球表层生态系统最严重的威胁之一,受到世界多国政府的严重关切和科技界多学科的广泛研究.本文从地球科学、化学、生物学、管理学等多学科角度,系统综述了水、土、气、沉积物、生物等环境介质中微塑料的丰度分布和来源、分离与分析方法、陆海空迁移与预测、表面变化与吸附特征、生物吸收积累与生态风险、食物链传递与健康风险、降解与削减等方面的国内外研究进展,并展望了环境微塑料未来研究方向与关键科学问题,旨在促进环境微塑料污染的研究与治理.