Elucidating the molecular mechanisms mediating plant salt-stress responses

Excess soluble salts in soil (saline soils) are harmful to most plants. Salt imposes osmotic, ionic, and secondary stresses on plants. Over the past two decades, many determinants of salt tolerance and their regulatory mechanisms have been identified and characterized using molecular genetics and genomics approaches. This review describes recent progress in deciphering the mechanisms controlling ion homeostasis, cell activity responses, and epigenetic regulation in plants under salt stress. Finally, we highlight research areas that require further research to reveal new determinants of salt tolerance in plants.

土壤中过量的可溶性盐（盐渍土）对大多数植物有害。盐对植物施加渗透胁迫、离子胁迫和次生胁迫。在过去的二十年中，利用分子遗传学和基因组学方法已经鉴定并表征了许多耐盐性的决定因素及其调控机制。本综述描述了在解读盐胁迫下植物离子稳态控制机制、细胞活性反应和表观遗传调控方面的最新进展。最后，我们强调了需要进一步研究以揭示植物耐盐性新决定因素的研究领域。