Liver repopulation and regeneration: new approaches to old questions.

Significant recent developments have occurred in the field of liver regeneration. Although the regenerative response to partial hepatectomy has been studied extensively, in recent years the use of new experimental approaches has incorporated a fresh look that may lead to a better understanding of hepatocyte dysfunction and regeneration. Liver injury promotes the regenerative responses that are relatively rare in healthy livers. Current research efforts focus on the mechanisms of hepatocyte adaptation in response to liver injury. We will discuss how hepatic aneuploidy and polyploidy contributes to liver regeneration, as well as new modalities to study cellular interactions using the organ-specific microenvironment. High mortality is generally limited to patients who develop terminal liver failure, which occurs when regenerative responses are unable to compensate for liver injury. Cellular adaptations and organ microenvironment changes are present during disease processes. This review aims to provide insights into the innovative approaches taken to investigate regeneration in liver diseases.

肝脏再生领域近期出现了重大进展。尽管对部分肝切除后的再生反应已进行了广泛研究，但近年来新实验方法的应用带来了新的视角，可能会使人们更好地理解肝细胞功能障碍和再生。 肝脏损伤会促进在健康肝脏中相对罕见的再生反应。当前的研究工作集中在肝细胞对肝脏损伤的适应机制上。我们将讨论肝脏非整倍体和多倍体如何促进肝脏再生，以及利用器官特异性微环境研究细胞相互作用的新方法。 高死亡率通常局限于发生终末期肝衰竭的患者，这种情况发生在再生反应无法补偿肝脏损伤时。在疾病过程中存在细胞适应性和器官微环境变化。本综述旨在深入介绍用于研究肝脏疾病中再生的创新方法。