Fasting plasma levels of nesfatin-1 in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus and the nutrient-related fluctuation of nesfatin-1 level in normal humans

The novel satiety factor nesfatin-1 has been shown to decrease food intake and body weight in rodents after i.c.v. injection. However, no further developments regarding the true patho-physiological relevance of nesfatin-1 in obesity and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1 DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2 DM) have been reported. A recent study by Stengel et al. demonstrated that a down-regulation of NUCB2 mRNA in gastric endocrine cells was observed after 24-h fasting. They raised the possibility that nesfatin/NUCB2 gene expression may be regulated by nutritional status, suggesting that nesfatin-1 in the stomach might play a role in satiety. In the present study, fasting levels in plasma nesfatin-1, insulin and glucose were measured and analyzed in healthy subjects and in patients with T1 DM and T2 DM. Plasma nesfatin-1 levels were measured 6 times before and after oral glucose ingestion in healthy subjects. No sex differences in plasma nesfatin-1 were found. The mean fasting plasma nesfatin-1 levels were slightly but not significantly higher in T1 DM patients compared to healthy subjects. However, fasting plasma nesfatin-1 levels were significantly lower in T2 DM patients compared to healthy subjects and T1 DM patients. Plasma nesfatin-1 did not change acutely, although a small rise in circulating nesfatin-1 occurred within 30 min after the beginning of an oral glucose ingestion (from a mean basal value of 0.99 +/- 0.23 ng/ml to a maximum of 1.08 +/- 0.24 ng/ml). No significant difference in plasma nesfatin-1 before and after an oral glucose was observed. In conclusion, we showed that fasting nesfatin-1 was significantly lower in T2 DM patients compared to healthy subjects and T1 DM patients. The significance of this result is unclear but the reduction in fasting nesfatin-1 may be one of the appetite-related hormones involved in diabetic hyperphagia. In addition, neither glucose nor saline ingestions affected plasma nesfatin-1, suggesting that gastric chemosensation is not sufficient for the nesfatin-1 response under the present conditions. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

新型饱足因子nesfatin - 1经脑室注射后已被证明可减少啮齿动物的食物摄取量和体重。然而，关于nesfatin - 1在肥胖以及1型糖尿病（T1DM）和2型糖尿病（T2DM）中真正的病理生理相关性，尚未有进一步的研究进展报道。Stengel等人最近的一项研究表明，禁食24小时后，在胃内分泌细胞中观察到NUCB2 mRNA的下调。他们提出nesfatin/NUCB2基因表达可能受营养状况调节的可能性，这表明胃中的nesfatin - 1可能在饱足感中起作用。在本研究中，对健康受试者以及1型糖尿病和2型糖尿病患者血浆中的nesfatin - 1、胰岛素和葡萄糖的空腹水平进行了测量和分析。在健康受试者口服葡萄糖前后对血浆nesfatin - 1水平进行了6次测量。未发现血浆nesfatin - 1存在性别差异。1型糖尿病患者的平均空腹血浆nesfatin - 1水平与健康受试者相比略高，但无显著差异。然而，2型糖尿病患者的空腹血浆nesfatin - 1水平与健康受试者和1型糖尿病患者相比显著降低。尽管在口服葡萄糖开始后的30分钟内循环中的nesfatin - 1有小幅上升（从平均基础值0.99 ± 0.23纳克/毫升上升到最大值1.08 ± 0.24纳克/毫升），但血浆nesfatin - 1并没有急性变化。口服葡萄糖前后血浆nesfatin - 1未观察到显著差异。总之，我们表明2型糖尿病患者的空腹nesfatin - 1与健康受试者和1型糖尿病患者相比显著降低。这一结果的意义尚不清楚，但空腹nesfatin - 1的降低可能是与糖尿病多食症相关的食欲调节激素之一。此外，葡萄糖和生理盐水的摄入均不影响血浆nesfatin - 1，这表明在当前条件下胃化学感受对于nesfatin - 1的反应是不够的。（C）2009爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。