Procedures for Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Murine Microbiome Studies.

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been widely recognized as an approach to determine the microbiome’s causal role in gut dysbiosis-related disease models and as a novel disease-modifying therapy. Despite potential beneficial FMT results in various disease models, there is a variation and complexity in procedural agreement among research groups for performing FMT. The viability of the microbiome in feces and its successful transfer depends on various aspects of donors, recipients, and lab settings. This review focuses on the technical practices of FMT in animal studies. We first document crucial factors required for collecting, handling, and processing donor fecal microbiota for FMT. Then, we detail the description of gut microbiota depletion methods, FMT dosages, and routes of FMT administrations in recipients. In the end, we describe assessments of success rates of FMT with sustainability. It is critical to work under the anaerobic condition to preserve as much of the viability of bacteria. Utilization of germ- free mice or depletion of recipient gut microbiota by antibiotics or polyethylene glycol are two common recipient preparation approaches to achieve better engraftment. Oral-gastric gavage preferred by most researchers for fast and effective administration of FMT in mice. Overall, this review highlights various methods that may lead to developing the standard and reproducible protocol for FMT.

粪便微生物群移植（FMT）已被广泛认为是一种确定微生物组在肠道菌群失调相关疾病模型中的因果作用的方法，也是一种新型的疾病修饰疗法。尽管在各种疾病模型中FMT可能有有益的结果，但研究小组之间在进行FMT的操作一致性方面存在差异和复杂性。粪便中微生物组的活力及其成功转移取决于供体、受体和实验室环境的各个方面。本综述聚焦于动物研究中FMT的技术实践。我们首先记录了为FMT收集、处理和加工供体粪便微生物群所需的关键因素。然后，我们详细描述了肠道微生物群清除方法、FMT剂量以及在受体中进行FMT的给药途径。最后，我们描述了对具有可持续性的FMT成功率的评估。在厌氧条件下操作对于尽可能保留细菌的活力至关重要。使用无菌小鼠或通过抗生素或聚乙二醇清除受体肠道微生物群是实现更好定植的两种常见的受体准备方法。大多数研究人员首选口服灌胃法在小鼠中快速有效地进行FMT给药。总体而言，本综述强调了可能有助于制定FMT的标准且可重复的方案的各种方法。