以过期废药氨茶碱为碳源的氮掺杂碳负极的电化学储锂性能

The expired waste drug aminophylline is recycled in the form of nitrogen-doped carbon through high-temperature pyrolytic carbonization. The microscopic morphology and composition are studied by using scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray energy dispersive spectrometer (EDX) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the electrochemical lithium storage performance is further tested by using constant current charge/discharge, cyclic voltammetry (CV) and alternating current impedance method (AC). Satisfactorily, with the carbonization of the expired drug aminophylline, the nitrogen element therein is retained in the carbon material in the form of in-situ doping. The reversible specific capacity of the prepared carbon electrode can still reach 520.9 mAh·g⁻¹ when cycled for 200 times at 25 mA·g⁻¹; especially, the reversible specific capacity is still stably maintained at 203.5 mAh·g⁻¹ and 84.8 mAh·g⁻¹ respectively when cycled for 200 times at a high current density of 1 A·g⁻¹ and for 500 times at 2 A·g⁻¹, showing good reversible electrochemical lithium storage performance.

通过高温热解碳化将过期废药氨茶碱以氮掺杂碳的形式进行回收;利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM)、X射线能量 色散光谱仪(EDX)及X射线光电子能谱(XPS)研究了其微观形貌与组成，并进一步利用恒流充/放电、循环伏安法 (CV)及交流阻抗法(AC)测试其电化学储锂性能。令人满意的是，伴随着过期药品氨茶碱的碳化，其中的氮元素 以原位掺杂的形式保留在碳材料中，所制备的碳电极在25 mA • g-1循环200圈时的可逆比容量仍能达到520.9 mAh • g_i;尤其是在大电流密度1 A • g_i循环200圈和2 A • g_i循环500圈时的可逆比容量仍分别稳定在203.5 mAh • g_i与84. 8 mAh • g' 表现出了良好的可逆电化学储锂性能。