A standard cytogenetic map for Anopheles sinensis and chromosome arm homology between the subgenera Anopheles and Cellia.

Anopheles sinensis is an important vector of Plasmodium vivax in Southeast Asia. To facilitate population genetic and genomic studies of An. sinensis, we developed a standard cytogenetic photomap for this species. The polytene chromosomes were straightened and divided into 39 numbered divisions and 116 lettered subdivisions. The chromosomal localizations of 13 DNA probes were determined by fluorescent in situ hybridization. The comparison of the physical map of An. sinensis with the genome map of An. gambiae revealed a whole-arm autosomal translocation between the two species. Specifically, the 2R arm of An. gambiae corresponds to the 3R arm of An. sinensis, while the correspondences of the other chromosome arms are preserved. We mapped the breakpoints of the polymorphic paracentric chromosomal inversion 3Ra to subdivisions 28A and 31A. The standard cytogenetic map developed in this study will be useful for detailed comparative genome mapping and population genetic studies of An. sinensis.

中华按蚊是东南亚间日疟原虫的重要传播媒介。为了促进中华按蚊的群体遗传学和基因组学研究，我们为该物种绘制了一个标准的细胞遗传学照片图谱。多线染色体被拉直并分为39个编号的区和116个带字母的亚区。通过荧光原位杂交确定了13个DNA探针在染色体上的定位。中华按蚊的物理图谱与冈比亚按蚊的基因组图谱比较显示，这两个物种之间存在一个常染色体整臂易位。具体而言，冈比亚按蚊的2R臂对应中华按蚊的3R臂，而其他染色体臂的对应关系保持不变。我们将多态性近中着丝粒染色体倒位3Ra的断点定位到亚区28A和31A。本研究绘制的标准细胞遗传学图谱将有助于中华按蚊详细的比较基因组图谱绘制和群体遗传学研究。