Adipose Stem Cell Engineering: Characterization and Current Application in Otolaryngology

The clinical potential for adipose-derived stem cell (ASC) is abundant and their capacity to differentiate into multiple lineages demonstrates the impact they can provide to regenerative therapies in otolaryngology – head and neck surgery. Adipose tissues have sufficient amounts of ASCs that can be derived from a single sample and harvested with minimally invasive procedures. Furthermore, ASCs can prevent the incidence of graft versus host disease by suppressing the immune response. Tissue engineering strategies can combine cell delivery with appropriate scaffold biomaterials that can mimic the unique physiological and biomechanical properties of ear, nose and throat. This chapter presents a review of the literature regarding the use of ASCs in otolaryngology head and neck surgery related research, illustrating their current and potential use in the field.

脂肪来源干细胞（ASC）具有巨大的临床应用潜力，其分化为多种谱系的能力表明了它们在耳鼻喉 - 头颈外科再生疗法中所能产生的影响。脂肪组织含有足量的脂肪来源干细胞，这些细胞可从单个样本中获取，并通过微创手术采集。此外，脂肪来源干细胞可通过抑制免疫反应来预防移植物抗宿主病的发生。组织工程策略可将细胞递送与合适的支架生物材料相结合，这些材料能够模拟耳、鼻和喉独特的生理和生物力学特性。本章综述了有关脂肪来源干细胞在耳鼻喉 - 头颈外科相关研究中的应用的文献，阐述了它们在该领域当前和潜在的用途。