Inflammation and retinal degenerative diseases.

Vision is an ability that depends on the precise structure and functioning of the retina. Any kind of stress or injury can disrupt the retinal architecture and leads to vision impairment, vision loss, and blindness. Immune system and immune response function maintain homeostasis in the microenvironment. Several genetic, metabolic, and environmental factors may alter retinal homeostasis, and these events may initiate various inflammatory cascades. The prolonged inflammatory state may contribute to the initiation and development of retinal disorders such as glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, and retinitis pigmentosa, which pose a threat to vision. In the current review, we attempted to provide sufficient evidence on the role of inflammation in these retinal disorders. Moreover, this review paves the way to focus on therapeutic targets of the disease, which are found to be promising.

视觉是一种依赖于视网膜精确结构和功能的能力。任何一种压力或损伤都可能破坏视网膜结构，导致视力障碍、视力丧失和失明。免疫系统和免疫应答功能维持微环境的内稳态。一些遗传、代谢和环境因素可能改变视网膜内稳态，这些情况可能引发各种炎症级联反应。长期的炎症状态可能促使青光眼、年龄相关性黄斑变性、糖尿病视网膜病变和色素性视网膜炎等视网膜疾病的发生和发展，这些疾病对视力构成威胁。在本篇综述中，我们试图提供炎症在这些视网膜疾病中所起作用的充分证据。此外，本综述为关注该疾病有前景的治疗靶点铺平了道路。