GB/T 38591-2020《建筑抗震韧性评价标准》与国际相关标准对比研究

The seismic resilience of a building refers to the ability of the building structure to maintain and quickly restore its service function after being subjected to an earthquake of a set level. Establishing a systematic seismic resilience evaluation method is an important part of constructing seismically resilient buildings and even resilient cities. Internationally, methods for evaluating the seismic resilience of buildings have been proposed and developed since 2012, and multiple resilience evaluation standards or guidelines have been formed. China's GB/T 38591 - 2020 "Standard for Evaluation of Seismic Resilience of Buildings" was released on March 31, 2020 and will come into force on February 1, 2021. In order to compare the seismic resilience levels of buildings evaluated by GB/T 38591 - 2020 and relevant international standards, the development and basic process of the building seismic resilience evaluation method are introduced, and the different strategies for calculating resilience indicators in each standard are explained and compared, including building repair costs, building repair time and casualties. Examples are used to illustrate the significant impact of repair strategies, sequences and the number of workers on building repair time, and the discriminant criteria for classifying the grades of resilient buildings in different standards are compared. The analysis shows that GB/T 38591 - 2020 differs significantly from relevant international standards in calculating building repair time, casualties and determining seismic resilience grades, and the range of uncertainty it contains is smaller than that of relevant international standards. The resilience level of a one - star building evaluated by GB/T 38591 - 2020 is approximately equivalent to or slightly higher than that of a silver - level building of REDi or a 4 - star building of USRC.

建筑抗震韧性是指建筑结构在设定水准地震作用后维持和迅速恢复使用功能的能力。建立系统化的抗震韧性评价方法是建设抗震韧性建筑乃至韧性城市的重要组成部分。国际上从2012年起提出和发展了建筑抗震韧性评价方法,形成了多本韧性评价标准或指南。中国GB/T 38591-2020《建筑抗震韧性评价标准》于2020年3月31日发布,将于2021年2月1日起实行。为了对比GB/T 38591-2020与国际相关标准所评定的建筑抗震韧性水平,介绍了建筑抗震韧性评价方法的发展和基本流程,说明并比较了各标准计算韧性指标的不同策略,包括建筑修复费用、建筑修复时间和人员伤亡。采用算例说明了修复策略、次序和工人数量对建筑修复时间的显著影响,并对比了不同标准划定韧性建筑等级的判别标准。分析发现,GB/T 38591-2020在计算建筑修复时间、人员伤亡和判定抗震韧性等级方面与国际相关标准差别显著,且其所包含的不确信性范围小于国际相关标准。GB/T 38591-2020所评定的一星建筑的韧性水平约等同于或略高于REDi的银级建筑或USRC的4星建筑。